英語四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)題:儒家思想
儒家思想(Confucianism)是中國(guó)影響最大的思想流派,也是中國(guó)古代的主流意識(shí)。自漢代以來,儒家思想就是封建統(tǒng)治階級(jí)(feudal ruling class)的指導(dǎo)思想之一。儒家思想的核心其實(shí)是一種人道主義(humanism )。它提倡自我修養(yǎng),認(rèn)為人是可教化的、可完善的。儒家思想的一個(gè)宏大的目標(biāo)就是實(shí)現(xiàn)“大同社會(huì)”,在這樣的一個(gè)社會(huì)中,每個(gè)人都能扮演好自己的角色,并與他人維持良好的關(guān)系。
參考翻譯:
Confucianism
Confucianism is the largest Chinese school ofthoughts, and the mainstream consciousness ofthe ancient China. Confucianism had been one of theruling doctrines of the feudal ruling class since theHan Dynasty. The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism. It advocates self-cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable. A grand goal ofConfucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her partwell, and maintains a good relationship with others.
1.思想流派:可譯為school of thoughts。
2.指導(dǎo)思想:可譯為ruling doctrine,也可直譯為guiding ideology。
3.自我修養(yǎng):應(yīng)翻譯為self-cultivation。cultivate除了有“耕種;照料”之意,還可以表示“修養(yǎng),改善”。
4.可教化的、可完善的:都可以使用動(dòng)詞加上“-able”這一形容詞后綴的構(gòu)詞法,故分別為teachable和improvable。
5.大同社會(huì):孔子所提出的“大同”的特征是:“大道之行也,天下為公。選賢與能,講信修睦…”從字面上也可看出,“大同”即為“和諧”之意, 故“大同社會(huì)”可譯為 harmonious society 或 perfect society。
6.每個(gè)人:除可譯為everybody、everyone以外,還可譯為each individual, 更加強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體?!鞍缪莺媚橙说慕巧奔礊閜lay one's part/role well。