(2)后置定語(yǔ)

The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.?

坐在約翰和瑪麗之間的那個(gè)年輕小伙子是校園報(bào)的編輯。

The bridge built last month needs repairing.?

上個(gè)月建造的那座橋需要修理。

(3)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)有的既可前置也可后置。如:

All the broken windows have been repaired.?

所有壞了的窗戶已經(jīng)修理好了。

All the windows broken have been repaired.

(4)分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)必須置于被修飾詞之后,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如:

Those wishing to join this club should sign here.?

想加入本俱樂部的人在這里簽名。?

=Those who wish to join the club should sign here.

The man,having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.?

由于被嚴(yán)重困擾,這個(gè)人幾乎失去了記憶。?

The man,who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.

(5)完成體的分詞一般不作定語(yǔ),若要表達(dá)完成意義最好用定語(yǔ)從句。如:

一般不說(shuō):The girl having won the race is my deskmate.

而常這樣說(shuō):The girl who has won the race is my deskmate.

(6)非限定性的完成體作定語(yǔ)或如果分詞所修飾的詞是泛指則沒有這個(gè)限制。如:

Anyone having passed the test has got a prize.?

任何通過(guò)考試的人都能得到一份獎(jiǎng)品。

Charlie, having lived in Paris for years, decided to return to London.?

在巴黎呆過(guò)多年,查理決定重返倫敦。

(7)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)在意義上有兩種可能:表示被動(dòng)和完成,只表完成。如:

The question discussed yesterday.

昨天討論的問題。(既表示被動(dòng)也表示完成)

the fallen leaves?

落下的樹葉(只表示完成,不表示被動(dòng))

在英語(yǔ)中只表完成而不表被動(dòng)的往往是一些不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,常見的有:

the changed situation, a newly returned student等。

(五)分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

I often hear a girl singing downstairs.

我有時(shí)聽到樓下有一個(gè)小姑娘在唱歌。

I find some students in this school often punished by the teachers.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生經(jīng)常被老師懲罰。

以上這些是筆者總結(jié)的分詞在寫作中的一些實(shí)用方法,說(shuō)了那么多,最后老師再列張分詞小表,希望大家在熟練掌握分詞各種用法的時(shí)候也千萬(wàn)別忽略它的基本格式噢: