just在英語中是一個重要的詞語，其使用方法也是多種多樣的。Just可以用作一個時間表達，用來在一些固定表達中表示某事十分重要，對詞語進行強調(diào)，并作為only的同義詞。本指南可以幫助你正確使用這個英語中的關(guān)鍵詞。

Just - As a Time Expression
作為時間表達

1.Just = Recently
最近

Just is most often used to express that something has recently happened.
just常被用來表達，某事最近發(fā)生了。

Use just with the present perfect tense to indicate that an action has recently occurred and influences the present moment of speaking.
在現(xiàn)在完成時中，just可以用來表示最近發(fā)生的動作對說話時的現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響

I've just been to the bank.
我剛?cè)ミ^銀行。

Tom's just arrived. You can speak to him now.
湯姆剛到。你現(xiàn)在可以跟他談談了。

Mary's just finished the report.
瑪麗剛完成報告。

Exception: American English vs. British English
特例：美式英語和英式英語

In everyday conversation American English uses just with the past simple, as well as the present perfect, to express that something recently happened. In British English, the present perfect is used.
在日常對話中，美式英語會將just與一般過去時態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)連用，用來表達某事剛發(fā)生。而在英式英語中，just一般與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。

American English
美式英語

He just finished lunch.
他剛吃完午飯。

OR
或者

He's just finished lunch.
他剛吃完午飯。

British English
英式英語

Jane's just been to the bank.
簡剛?cè)チ算y行。

NOT
而不是

Jane just went to the bank.
簡剛?cè)チ算y行。

2.Just = Immediately
立即

Just can also be used as a time expression to mean that something important will happen immediately. In this case, use the present continuous tense or 'going to' to express that something is about to happen.
just也可以用作時間表達，表示某個重要的事馬上就會發(fā)生。在這種情況下，我們可以使用現(xiàn)在進行時或going to來表示某事即將發(fā)生。

He's just getting ready to go now.
他現(xiàn)在準備要走了。

I'm just going to finish this and then we can go.
我快完成了，然后我們就可以離開。

= Close to the Time
接近某個時間

Just is also used to express that something happened at approximately to the time mentioned in phrases? such as: just after, just before, just when, just as.
just也可以用于表示某事發(fā)生的時間接近于短語中提到的時間，例如just after、just before、just when、just as等。

I saw Tom just as he was leaving yesterday.
湯姆昨天要離開時被我看見了。

Jennifer finished the report just as the boss asked her for it.
詹妮弗在老板找她要報告之前就已經(jīng)完成了。

Just when you think you've seen everything, something like this happens!
當你認為你看到了所有事時，類似的事已經(jīng)發(fā)生了！

4.Just - as an Adverb Meaning 'Only'
作為副詞，意為“只有”

Just is also used as an adverb meaning 'only', 'merely', 'simply', and so on.
just也可以用作副詞，意為“只有”“僅僅”“只是”等意義。

Don't worry about that cup, it's just an old thing.
別擔心杯子的事，只是個老物件而已。

She said she just needed some vacation time to relax.
她說，她只是需要一些假日來放松一下。

Richard is just the spokesman.
理查德就是發(fā)言人。

5.Just - as an Adverb Meaning 'Exactly'
作為副詞，意為“恰好地”

Just can also be used as an adverb meaning 'exactly' or 'precisely'.
just也可以用作副詞，意為“恰好地”或“剛好地”

That's just the information I need to understand the situation.
這恰好就是我需要用來了解形勢的信息。

Alexander is just the person for the job.
亞歷山大是這份工作的最佳人選。

6.Just - as an Adjective Meaning 'Honest'
作為形容詞，意為“誠實的”

Just is also used as an adjective to mean that someone is honest, or fair in his judgement.
just也可以用作形容詞，意為某人十分誠實，或者評價十分公正。

He's a just man so you can expect to be treated well.
他是一個公正的人，所以你可以得到很好的招待。

You need to be just with all your students, not just the ones you like.
你需要對學生們公正，而不是只按自己的喜好來。

Fixed Expressions with 'Just'
關(guān)于just的固定表達

Just is also used in a number of idiomatic and fixed expressions. Here are some of the most common:
just也用于一系列習語和固定表達中。下面是一些最常見的例子：

Just in time = Ready at the exact moment necessary
剛好在最必要的時間做好準備

In the business world many products are made 'just in time'. In other words, they are ready when a customer needs them and not before.
在商界中，許多產(chǎn)品都被“及時”生產(chǎn)出來。也就是說，當剛好客戶需要的時候，而不是之前，他們就被生產(chǎn)出來。

Our supplier uses just in time manufacturing to fill our orders.
我們的供應商利用及時制造來完成我們的訂單。

Using a just in time approach reduces our warehousing costs by 60%.
使用及時的方式較少了60%的倉庫費用成本。

1.Just off the boat = Naive, not experienced
天真的，缺乏閱歷的

Someone who is 'just off the boat' is new to a situation and doesn't understand certain unwritten rules, or ways of behavior.
用just off the boat來形容某人，意義則是初來乍到，不懂得一些不成文的規(guī)矩或行為方式。

Give him some time to adjust to the new position. Remember he's just off the boat and will need some time to get up to speed.
給他一些時間來適應新環(huán)境吧。要記得他可是初來乍到，需要一些時間趕上來。

They seemed as if they were just off the boat because they couldn't understand what was being asked of them.
他們看起來好像是初來乍到的，因為他們不知道該做些什么。

2.Just the ticket = Exactly what is needed
剛好是需要的

'Just' is used like 'exactly' when expressing something that is precisely what is needed in a situation.
當表達在某種情況中，剛好需要某物時，just則類似于exactly。

The two weeks off work was just the ticket. I feel like a new man.
兩周不上班剛剛好。我感覺自己像個新人。

I think your ideas are just the ticket for our marketing campaign.
我認為你的主意非常適合我們的營銷活動。

3.Just what the doctor ordered = Exactly what is needed
剛好是需要的

'Just what the doctor ordered' is another idiomatic expression that expresses the idea that something precisely what is needed in a situation.
Just what the doctor ordered是另一個習語表達，意思是在某種情形下，某物剛好被需要。

I think his solution was just what the doctor ordered.
我認為他的解決辦法正是我們需要的。

The grammar review was just what the doctor ordered for getting students ready.
語法回顧剛好是學生們做準備時需要的。

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