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Gary Nabel on recent breakthrough in AIDS vaccine research

EarthSky

Researchers are closer than ever to finding a vaccine that prevents AIDS. That’s what Gary Nabel told us. He’s director of the Vaccine Research Center at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in Maryland. He said the AIDS virus, also known as HIV, has been so difficult to stop because it mutates at a dizzying rate.

近日一項(xiàng)研究成果給艾滋病疫苗的研制帶來了前所未有的希望。馬里蘭州國(guó)立過敏與傳染病研究中心主任加里·納貝爾接受本站記者采訪時(shí)如是說。他表示，艾滋病毒，即人體免疫缺陷病毒非常難以防控，因?yàn)樗耐蛔兯俣瓤斓皿@人。

Gary Nabel : There are millions and millions of strains of the AIDS virus. The AIDS virus is remarkable for their repeatity, with which it can change its genetic structure.

加里·納貝爾:艾滋病毒的變體多達(dá)千百萬種，它的復(fù)制速度極快，并且可以在復(fù)制過程中改變遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)。

He said most people infected with the AIDS virus mount an immune defense – that is, produce antibodies – that knock out only a few strains of the AIDS virus. But, in July 2010, Dr. Nabel reported in the journal Science that his team had identified several rare, broad-acting antibodies, the most powerful of which could attack or neutralize 90% of strains. These antibodies were found in the blood of a patient living with AIDS, known as Donor 45.

納貝爾博士表示，大多數(shù)感染者體內(nèi)免疫反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的抗體只能對(duì)付部分病毒變體。但是，2010年7月，他在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表報(bào)告稱，其研究小組已發(fā)現(xiàn)幾種效果更強(qiáng)的稀有抗體，其中最強(qiáng)的抗體能攻擊或中和90%的病毒變體。這些抗體來源于“45號(hào)捐獻(xiàn)者”，該捐獻(xiàn)者是一名艾滋病毒攜帶者。

Gary Nabel Knowing that a human is capable of making those antibodies really gives us some optimism.

加里·納貝爾：人體實(shí)際上能產(chǎn)生艾滋病毒強(qiáng)效抗體，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)著實(shí)給我們帶來了一些希望。

He explained that powerful antibodies can serve as a kind of template to build a vaccine around. Nabel estimated that a publicly available AIDS vaccine is still at least 10 years away.

他告訴記者，以這些抗體為模板，科學(xué)家能研制出艾滋病疫苗。預(yù)計(jì)這種疫苗問世、普及至少還需要10年時(shí)間。

Gary Nabel: For an AIDS vaccine for many years we’ve been driving around in the dark without a map, and I now I think we’ve got some very sophisticated tools that give us direction.

加里·納貝爾:多年來，在艾滋病疫苗研制領(lǐng)域，我們都是在黑暗中摸索。如今，我認(rèn)為我們已經(jīng)掌握非常有效的尖端工具來攻克這一障礙。?

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