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Watching Brain Cells in Action
美夢成真:實(shí)時(shí)觀察腦細(xì)胞
The big dream for
neuroscientists is to be able to watch our brain cells in action, in real time.?
對(duì)于神經(jīng)學(xué)家而言,最大的夢想就是能夠?qū)崟r(shí)觀察腦細(xì)胞的活動(dòng)。
Well, new research has maybe found the most
promising tool yet -- a technique to watch individual neurons light up in response to a stimulus, like flipping on a light switch.
如今,一項(xiàng)新研究或許已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種最有希望的辦法--一項(xiàng)可以觀察單個(gè)神經(jīng)元活動(dòng)受到外界刺激反應(yīng)后發(fā)光的技術(shù):神經(jīng)元受到了刺激就會(huì)像按開電燈開關(guān)一樣發(fā)光。
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute inserted a light-sensitive protein into a lab mouse. When a neuron fires,
calcium ions flood through special cell channels. And when this light-sensitive protein binds to calcium, it radiates yellow light. So when the neuron fires it glows yellow.
馬克斯·普朗克研究所的科學(xué)家們?yōu)閷?shí)驗(yàn)鼠植入了一種光敏感蛋白質(zhì)。當(dāng)一個(gè)神經(jīng)元受到刺激時(shí),鈣離子會(huì)直瀉而入專門的細(xì)胞通道。而當(dāng)光敏感蛋白質(zhì)與鈣離子結(jié)合后,便會(huì)發(fā)出黃色的光。因此,當(dāng)神經(jīng)元受到刺激時(shí)就會(huì)發(fā)出黃光。
When scientists shot a puff of air at the mouse's whiskers, the brain cells in the
sensory areas of the
cortex glowed yellow. They watch this via thin glass fibers inserted into that brain region.
科學(xué)家們向?qū)嶒?yàn)鼠大腦皮層的感知區(qū)域植入細(xì)小的玻璃纖維,然后通過玻璃纖維來觀察該區(qū)域的細(xì)胞活躍情況。他們向?qū)嶒?yàn)鼠的胡須輕輕吹氣,觀察到這一感知區(qū)域的腦細(xì)胞發(fā)出了黃光。
With this technique scientists now have a way to watch single cell activity in many different regions of the brain at once.
現(xiàn)在,有了這項(xiàng)技術(shù),科學(xué)家們可以立刻觀察大腦不同區(qū)域的單個(gè)細(xì)胞的活動(dòng)情況。
The hope is to investigate how the brain forms and loses neural connections during life experiences and when suffering from illnesses such as
Alzheimer's,
Parkinson's and
schizophrenia.
而科學(xué)家們希望能通過此項(xiàng)技術(shù)研究大腦在其生命周期當(dāng)中,或在遭受阿茨海默癥、帕金森癥和精神分裂癥的損害時(shí),是如何建立起又遺失掉了腦神經(jīng)聯(lián)結(jié)的。
-Christie Nicholson
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