公共英語五級(jí)考試(PETS5)語法輔導(dǎo):分詞
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小編提示:最近一次全國(guó)公共英語五級(jí)考試(pets5)的考試時(shí)間為2010年6月19、20日。
【分詞】
分詞作定語
1.分詞前置
We can see the rising sun.我們可以看到東升的旭日
He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人。
2.分詞后置 (i.分詞詞組;ii.個(gè)別分詞如given, left; iii.修飾不定代詞something等)
There was a girl sitting there.有個(gè)女孩坐在那里
This is the question given.這是所給的問題
There is nothing interesting.沒有有趣的東西
過去分詞作定語
與其修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例題
1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 書與寫作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞做定語表被動(dòng),相當(dāng)于定語從句which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
答案B. 主語language與謂語動(dòng)詞之間有被動(dòng)的含義。
spoken是動(dòng)詞speak的過去分詞形式,在句中作定語,修飾主語language, spoken與language有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
該句可以理解為:
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
分詞作狀語
As I didn't receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.
-> Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.
由于沒有收到他的信,我給他打了電話。
If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.
-> Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.
假如多給些照顧,那些樹會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。
典型例題
1)_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed
答案B. Napoleon與follow之間有被動(dòng)的含義。being followed除表達(dá)被動(dòng)之外,還有動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之意。followed by(被...跟隨)。
本題可改為:With some officials following, Napoleon inspected his army.
2)There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
答案B. 由于聲音在閃電后,因此為聲跟隨著光,聲音為跟隨的發(fā)出者,為主動(dòng)。用現(xiàn)在分詞。
3)_______, liquids can be changed into gases.
A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat
答案C. 本題要選一分詞作為狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng),正在進(jìn)行的;過去分詞表被動(dòng)的,已經(jīng)完成的。對(duì)于液體來說是加熱的受動(dòng)者,是被動(dòng)的,因而選C。它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句 When it is heated,...
注意: 選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞,關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出,分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞,反之就用過去分詞。
(Being ) used for a long time, the book looks old.
由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,這本書看上去很舊。
Using the book, I find it useful.
在使用的過程中, 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。
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