2010年第一季度雅思考試已經(jīng)悄然落幕,回顧這3個(gè)月共12次的閱讀考試,我們注意到幾個(gè)明顯的趨勢(shì):各主流題型(配對(duì)題,多項(xiàng)選擇題,小結(jié)填空題,是非無(wú)判斷題)平均分配,單純依賴(lài)技巧就可以輕松攻克的題型減少,更側(cè)重考核語(yǔ)言實(shí)力;新題出現(xiàn)(如1月23日考試3篇文章均為新題);難度略有增加(如3月27日考試有一定難度)。

以下專(zhuān)家將就1-3月真題中所涉及的解題技巧和備考策略做一討論,希望對(duì)廣大雅思考生的備考和臨場(chǎng)應(yīng)考有一定幫助。

1月23日考試的三篇文章均為新題,對(duì)備考不足又實(shí)力欠佳的考生來(lái)說(shuō)無(wú)疑是不小的挑戰(zhàn),出現(xiàn)了人名觀點(diǎn)配對(duì),是非無(wú)判斷及填空題等頻率較高的主流題型,在掌握題型特點(diǎn)和技巧且備考充分的前提下,該次考試顯示出難度適中。

其中第三篇文章Language Development, 大意為語(yǔ)言室如何誕生的一系列說(shuō)法,以及為了證明所做的調(diào)查、研究等,并講到一些新的理論,包括專(zhuān)家的質(zhì)疑等。在原題中(Y/N/NG):

Q32. Using art is an effective way to prove first human's expressing ablility in primitive times.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞art定位,可輕松定位在原文paragraph 5:

The problem with using art as prehistorical evidence for the first human that could speak is that, quite apart from its validity, the further back one looks the more chance the evidence for art itself would have perished.

不難看出,有3處明顯的substitution: prehistorical - primitive, speak - expressing,?validity - effective. 意識(shí)到這些同義代換就為判斷是非打開(kāi)了綠色通道,雖然原文中的prehistorical (史前的)被換成了題目中primitive(原始的,早期的),意思上略有差異,但在上述段落的背景下,考生應(yīng)該能意識(shí)到這二者所指的是一樣的。答案為:YES.

該題考察的核心是詞匯,上述代換的詞匯屬于基本層面的單詞,而且意思理解上也并不艱難,所以考生應(yīng)該獲得一個(gè)信息,雅思詞匯并非總是求高,求難,掌握基本的實(shí)用詞匯才是‘硬道理’。

Q34. It has been suggested that human's brain size evolved gradually.

該題的題目相對(duì)容易,但定位需耗時(shí)稍長(zhǎng),直至全篇文章的倒數(shù)第四段,才在首句看到原文: The additional piece of evidence that makes this paradox all the more significant is that brain size did not just leap between human species in a direct line of ascent towards ourselves.

如果以brain size 作為關(guān)鍵詞,找到上述出處也算是有據(jù)可依。原文中“...did not just leap between human species...” 出現(xiàn)的leap在意義上相當(dāng)于evolve. 考生應(yīng)當(dāng)了解到,在理解乏術(shù),判斷無(wú)門(mén)的情況下,多讀上下文,了解背景信息,避免斷章取義是行之有效的方法。

2月6日的考試由于出現(xiàn)了較多的配對(duì)題和選擇題,從而顯得難度較高,并且有2篇文章都涉及到了摘要填空題,技巧在本次考試中顯得蒼白無(wú)力,而測(cè)試考生的綜合閱讀實(shí)力似乎成為本次考試重心所在;加之同意代換的高頻使用,該考試顯得難度偏高。

在Passage 1 "Noise Research"中,其中Questions 1-4為Summary 題型,如下:

Plenty of working devices produce severe noise such as locomotive engines, horns and whistles which lead to negative effect on 1._________ and railroad workers. A serious result can also be made by rail car retarders which produce a 2.__________, high level screech that reaches up to the 120 dB even as far as 100 feet...

瀏覽summary 片段,找到上述黑體的部分作為關(guān)鍵詞,幫助定位,可以預(yù)計(jì),locomotive engines被代換的幾率不大,以此定位,我們搜尋到文章的Paragraph 7,對(duì)應(yīng)到原文 The noise from locomotive engines, horns and whistles ...; 再細(xì)節(jié)定位,我們注意到Q1前面的重要信息:negative effect, 對(duì)應(yīng)到文章,不難發(fā)現(xiàn),其中"... can impact neighboring communities..."與題目中的內(nèi)容吻合,所以Q1的答案為:neighboring communities.

Q2: rail car retarders (阻尼器,減速器)是很適合的定位信息,最大特點(diǎn)是不易代換,它所產(chǎn)生的和填空后面的high level screech并列的內(nèi)容在文章本段的Line 3有出現(xiàn):rail car retarders can produce a high frequency, high level screech that can ..., 可知答案是:high frequency.

綜上所述,考生在備考中,除了進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的雅思真題訓(xùn)練以外,還需擴(kuò)充詞匯量,并加大閱讀積累,夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。