11. course, subject

course課程(可包括多門科目),subject科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course.

12. custom, habit

custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗,習(xí)俗,也可指生活習(xí)慣,后接to do, habit生活習(xí)慣,習(xí)慣成自然,后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth,reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late.

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise運(yùn)動(dòng),鍛煉(不可數(shù)),exercises練習(xí)(可數(shù)),practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí) Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作“課”解時(shí),兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson. 指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class. lesson 6; class 5.

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說,talk日常生活中的一般的談話,講話,lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講,講課 a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official

officer部隊(duì)的軍官,official政府官員 an army officer.

18. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可數(shù),job可數(shù) a good job.

19. couple, pair

couple主要指人或動(dòng)物,pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers.

20. country, nation, state, land

country側(cè)重指版圖,疆域,nation指人民,國(guó)民,民族,state側(cè)重指政府,政體,land 國(guó)土,國(guó)家 The whole nation was sad at the news.