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過(guò)去完成時(shí)(past perfect)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。?它表示句子中描述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。今天，小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了與過(guò)去完成時(shí)相關(guān)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，一起來(lái)看看吧！ ? 基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞. ②否定句：主語(yǔ)+had+not+過(guò)去分詞. ③一般疑問(wèn)句：Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞? 肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+had. 否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+had not . ④特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞或詞組+一般疑問(wèn)句（Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞）？ 基本用法 表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，也可以說(shuō)過(guò)去的時(shí)間關(guān)于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。可以用by, before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)表示，還可能通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘，我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來(lái)的圖片。 She turned scarlet from embarrassment, once she realized what she had done.? 她意識(shí)到自己做了什么后羞紅了臉。 Edward VIII had done the unthinkable and abdicated the throne.? 愛(ài)德華八世竟主動(dòng)遜位，真是匪夷所思。 The government had done everything it could to push down inflation.? 政府已經(jīng)采過(guò)去完成時(shí)(past perfect)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成取了所有可能的措施來(lái)抑制通貨膨脹。 If he had done otherwise, I should have thought him a rascal.? 如果他不這樣做, 我就認(rèn)為他是個(gè)惡棍. ? 看完了以上的有關(guān)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，同學(xué)們都能更好的了解過(guò)去完成時(shí)了。趕快收藏起來(lái)吧~

英語(yǔ)的過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去。這個(gè)是大家在中學(xué)時(shí)期就知道的，今天，小編為同學(xué)們帶過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去。這個(gè)是大家在中學(xué)時(shí)期就知道的，今天，小編為同學(xué)們帶來(lái)了相當(dāng)豐富的與英語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的相關(guān)語(yǔ)法，一起來(lái)看看吧！ ? 1、表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。 他表示的時(shí)間是"過(guò)去 的過(guò)去 "常與by last year, by the time of yesterday,等連用。如： She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived, the bus had left. ? 2、表示 從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for (后跟段時(shí)間)或since (后跟點(diǎn)時(shí)間)等連用.如: She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago. ? 例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！ 1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing. A. studied, had gone ????B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes ?????D. had studied, had gone 解析："他去北京之前在上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了4年 "。在上海學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在去北京之前，因此第一個(gè)空應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。此題選B。 2. Mary said it was at least five years since he ______ a good drink. A. enjoyed ????B. was enjoying ??C. had enjoyed ??D. would enjoy 解析：It was + 時(shí)間段+since 引導(dǎo)的從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。應(yīng)選C。 3. Xiao Pei said she ______ Hainan for 3 months. A. has been in ???B. had been in ??C. had been to ??D. had gone to 解析："小培說(shuō)她去了海南三個(gè)月 ?"。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暫性的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。所以適應(yīng)表示狀態(tài)的have been in. 應(yīng)選B. ? 時(shí)態(tài)綜合例題解析： １--What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ? ---They _____ tea in the garden. ?????????????? ?A. are drinking ???B. drank ???C. have drunk ????D. drink 2. My mother often asks me _____early . ?????????? ?A. get up ??B. got up ???C. getting up ????D. to get up 3. Soon Wu Dong ____ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck. ? ?A. taught ???B. caught ???C. bought ???D. brought 4. The car ____and stopped at the red traffic light. ???? ?A. got on ???B. got off ??C. slowed down ??D. picked up 5. Tom ____ the CD player for two weeks. ???????????? ?A. has lent ???B. has borrowed ???C. has bought ????D. has had ? 參考答案： 1.根據(jù)問(wèn)句的時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，答句時(shí)態(tài)要一致，故選答案: A ?2.根據(jù)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ask的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案：D ?3.根據(jù)第一句的固定動(dòng)詞詞組 catch up with sb 及第二句的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故選答案: B ?4.此題主要考查四個(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組的掌握.根據(jù)后半句在紅燈時(shí)停下來(lái),故選答案: C ?5.此題主要考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的延續(xù)和非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)for two weeks 時(shí)間短語(yǔ)。故選答案: C ? 怎么樣，看完了小編給大家準(zhǔn)備的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，有沒(méi)有感覺(jué)收獲頗多呢？喜歡就收藏起來(lái)吧~

過(guò)去完成時(shí) 1.概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+had + p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+其他 4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+had + not +p.p（過(guò)去分詞）+其他 5.一般疑問(wèn)句：had放于句首。 6.例句：As soon as we got to the station,the train had left.

別的含義： 1)尚未完成： He had been writing the novel.(He had not finished it yet.) 2)企圖： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.(He was trying to study it.) 3)未得結(jié)果： We had been studying what our enemy had said.(But we were not able to understand it.) 4)最近情況： He had been quarrelling with his wife.(lately) 5)反復(fù)動(dòng)作： He had been asking me the same question.(Many times) 6)情緒： What had he been doing?(不耐煩) 這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)很少用在否定句中，而多以過(guò)去完成時(shí)代替： He had not practised English for many years.(普通說(shuō)法) He had not been practising English for many years.(少見(jiàn)) 這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)還可用在said，supposed等引起的間接引語(yǔ)中，代替現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法很相近，它通常表示一個(gè)持續(xù)到過(guò)去行時(shí)： He said，“I have been speaking to John.”= He said that he had been speaking to John. He thought，“She was watching me when I passed.”= He thought that she had been watching him when he had passed. ? 聲明：滬江網(wǎng)高度重視知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)本網(wǎng)站發(fā)布的信息包含有侵犯其著作權(quán)的鏈接內(nèi)容時(shí)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們，我們將做相應(yīng)處理。

行時(shí)：They have been reading books for two weeks. 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：They will have been reading books for two weeks. （4） 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：She would have been thinking about it by the end of the year. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)行時(shí)：She has been thinking about it by the end of the year. 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：She will have been thinking about it by the end of the year. 本篇的練習(xí)到此為止，同學(xué)們都記清三個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的用法了嗎？

同為完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)非常相似。不過(guò)歸根結(jié)底，只要弄清楚了時(shí)間點(diǎn)，就很好分辨了。 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到對(duì)于過(guò)去來(lái)說(shuō)的將來(lái)的某一個(gè)時(shí)間。 基本形式：should/would + have + been + doing 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 基本形式：have/has + been + doing 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或狀況一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（可能繼續(xù)或就此停止） 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)行時(shí) 基本形式：shall/will + have + been + doing 表示某種狀況一直持續(xù)到說(shuō)話(huà)人所提及的時(shí)間。 例句對(duì)比： （1）杰克

活了12年了。 3、I heard by July you’d have been teaching here for ten years.?? 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)到七月份，你就在這里教了10年書(shū)了。 4、“What interesting job have you found?” Helen asked him; he knew she would have been?thinking about it.? “你找到什么有趣的工作啦?”海倫向他問(wèn)道。他知道海倫一定會(huì)一直想這過(guò)去將來(lái)完成件事的。 ?解析：這個(gè)里面，“would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)除用于表示過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)外，有時(shí)其中的?would?也可能是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，具有情態(tài)意義，比較表示推測(cè)或猜想等。 5、If I had known how he felt, I would never have let him adopt those children. 我要是知道他的想法，我是決不會(huì)讓他領(lǐng)養(yǎng)那些孩子的。 解析：若表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí)條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had+過(guò)去分詞)，而主句謂語(yǔ)則通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（would+have+過(guò)去分詞），當(dāng)然，主句謂語(yǔ)也可根據(jù)情況使用“should (could, might)+have+過(guò)去分詞”。

過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) 　　 形式 should / would have done sth. 　　 用法 　　 1、 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，并往往會(huì)對(duì)過(guò)去將來(lái)某一時(shí)間產(chǎn)生影響。 I thought you'd have left by this time. 我想這會(huì)兒你已經(jīng)走了。 　　 He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock. 他告訴他們他會(huì)在8點(diǎn)以前干完。 　　 I guessed that Helen would have told her something. 我猜海倫會(huì)告訴她一些情況的。 　　 2、 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)還常用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反。 想學(xué)好語(yǔ)法的同時(shí)全方位扎實(shí)英語(yǔ)？零基礎(chǔ)直達(dá)大學(xué)四級(jí) 零基礎(chǔ)直達(dá)大學(xué)六級(jí) 零基礎(chǔ)的你想變成商務(wù)英語(yǔ)達(dá)人？零基礎(chǔ)直達(dá)BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)

行時(shí)的被動(dòng)態(tài)。基本形式：should/would have been being done. 請(qǐng)看例句： 1. He said the trees would have been being planted on March 12th on the mountain this year by the students, because the school had already decided. 他說(shuō)今年3月12日會(huì)有很多樹(shù)苗被學(xué)生種下，因?yàn)閷W(xué)校已經(jīng)決定這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)了。 2. She said that by the end of last weekend, the book would have been being read for 2 weeks. 她說(shuō)直到上周末，這本書(shū)就已經(jīng)被讀了兩周了。 3. This topic would have been being considered for a month. 這個(gè)話(huà)題已經(jīng)被考慮了1個(gè)月了。 4. Tom's room would have been being cleaned. 湯姆的房間會(huì)被打掃。 5. The play would have been being performed for 2 hours. 這場(chǎng)表演會(huì)持續(xù)兩小時(shí)。 6. Up to that time those books had been being translated. 直到那時(shí)，這些書(shū)還在被翻譯。 7. The letter had been being written till two o'clock. 寫(xiě)這封信寫(xiě)到了2點(diǎn)。 由基本形式轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到對(duì)于過(guò)去來(lái)說(shuō)的將來(lái)?yè)Q為被動(dòng)態(tài)還是挺簡(jiǎn)單的，不過(guò)這里需要注意的是被動(dòng)態(tài)的形式為should/would have been being done。請(qǐng)不要和過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)態(tài)would + have + been + done混淆。前者為持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，而后者并無(wú)持續(xù)性的意思。

Wow，真的是很佩服我國(guó)的語(yǔ)法學(xué)家們?！斑^(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)”這個(gè)名字在剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，小編還認(rèn)為編輯弄錯(cuò)了。一再地的確認(rèn)是不是有這樣的一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，并且自己也同時(shí)在查閱有關(guān)資料。發(fā)現(xiàn)的確有這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。頓時(shí)，自覺(jué)作為英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)科班出身真的是有愧?？墒?，真的，I don’t know much about it and that is true. 首先呢，我們可能會(huì)想到有個(gè)名字和它很相近的時(shí)態(tài)就是一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。它的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成（例句如下：） 肯定句：1）主語(yǔ)+be（was，were）going to+（v.原)+其它 （2）主語(yǔ)+would（should could）+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 （3）was/were+動(dòng)詞不定式 一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句和簡(jiǎn)接引語(yǔ)中。一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是過(guò)去，即從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻看以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 例句如： ?He told us that he would not go with us for picnic, if is snowed tomorrow. 他告訴我們說(shuō)如果明天下雪的話(huà)他就不和我們一起出去野炊了。 而過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)以及表達(dá)的意義都有所不同，同學(xué)們要在平常學(xué)習(xí)中過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)加以認(rèn)真辨析和對(duì)比，結(jié)合教學(xué)的內(nèi)容，自己識(shí)記各個(gè)語(yǔ)法架構(gòu)，形成自己的知識(shí)體系，這樣才能在考試的時(shí)候游刃有余。