托福閱讀:英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)大匯總
一、英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的原則
1、謂動單一性原則 在一個句子里,有且只有一個謂語動詞。
2、主句單一性原則 在一個句子中,有且只有一個主句。(從句可以有若干個)
二、三大從句
1、名詞性從句 主語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句
引導(dǎo)詞 (what/how/that/why/whether)
結(jié)構(gòu) 主語從句
what+VO=n. for eg.???????
what+SV=n. What you said is right.
形式賓語 Make it possible for do ?
that/how/why/whether+SVO=n.
That the ancestors of birds are dinosaurs is known.It is known that the ancestors of birds are dinosaurs.(形式主語居多)
**形式主語和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)別
形式主語 It + v + (that +SVO)=n.
n.=it
強(qiáng)調(diào)句 It is/was + A + that + B
SVO=A+B
而且通常情況下 It is/was……是強(qiáng)調(diào)句
同位語從句
同位語的實(shí)質(zhì) n1,n2—n1=n2
S,n,VO.=S,引+svo,VO
前面的成分不應(yīng)當(dāng)在后面充當(dāng)成分。
The fact, that the ancestors of birds are dinosaurs, is known.
可接同位語的名詞多為抽象名詞,例如:view/idea/suggestion/fact/reason/conclusion……
**同位語和定語從句的區(qū)別
同位語的句子中,前面的成分不應(yīng)當(dāng)在后面充當(dāng)成分。
The fact, that the sun is round.
定語從句中,引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)成分。
The book, that you bought for me. “that”充當(dāng)賓語。
Example
It is generally accepted that the single super continent known as Pangaea indeed existed, that Pangaea subsequently broke apart into two giant pieces, Gondwanaland in the south and Laurasia in the north, and that the continents attached to the various crustal plates separated and drifted in various directions.
人們普遍接受,Pangaea 以一個特別大的陸地形式存在,后來他被分為兩個大塊,在南邊的Gondwanaland 和在北邊的Laurasia,他和那些在不同地殼上的大陸分開了并且向不同方向上漂移。
**如何找出復(fù)雜句中的謂語?
先找引導(dǎo)詞,然后去掉隨后的動詞,還有動詞的話,這個動詞就是謂語。