一、英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的原則

1、謂動(dòng)單一性原則 在一個(gè)句子里,有且只有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
2、主句單一性原則 在一個(gè)句子中,有且只有一個(gè)主句。(從句可以有若干個(gè))

二、三大從句

1、名詞性從句 主語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句
引導(dǎo)詞 (what/how/that/why/whether)
結(jié)構(gòu) 主語(yǔ)從句
what+VO=n. for eg.???????
what+SV=n. What you said is right.

形式賓語(yǔ) Make it possible for do ?
that/how/why/whether+SVO=n.
That the ancestors of birds are dinosaurs is known.It is known that the ancestors of birds are dinosaurs.(形式主語(yǔ)居多)

**形式主語(yǔ)和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)別
形式主語(yǔ) It + v + (that +SVO)=n.
n.=it
強(qiáng)調(diào)句 It is/was + A + that + B
SVO=A+B
而且通常情況下 It is/was……是強(qiáng)調(diào)句

同位語(yǔ)從句
同位語(yǔ)的實(shí)質(zhì) n1,n2—n1=n2
S,n,VO.=S,引+svo,VO
前面的成分不應(yīng)當(dāng)在后面充當(dāng)成分。
The fact, that the ancestors of birds are dinosaurs, is known.
可接同位語(yǔ)的名詞多為抽象名詞,例如:view/idea/suggestion/fact/reason/conclusion……

**同位語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
同位語(yǔ)的句子中,前面的成分不應(yīng)當(dāng)在后面充當(dāng)成分。
The fact, that the sun is round.
定語(yǔ)從句中,引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)成分。
The book, that you bought for me. “that”充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。
Example
It is generally accepted that the single super continent known as Pangaea indeed existed, that Pangaea subsequently broke apart into two giant pieces, Gondwanaland in the south and Laurasia in the north, and that the continents attached to the various crustal plates separated and drifted in various directions.
人們普遍接受,Pangaea 以一個(gè)特別大的陸地形式存在,后來(lái)他被分為兩個(gè)大塊,在南邊的Gondwanaland 和在北邊的Laurasia,他和那些在不同地殼上的大陸分開(kāi)了并且向不同方向上漂移。

**如何找出復(fù)雜句中的謂語(yǔ)?
先找引導(dǎo)詞,然后去掉隨后的動(dòng)詞,還有動(dòng)詞的話(huà),這個(gè)動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)。

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