The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980’s.
(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980’s.
(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980’s and cost approximately 51 million dollars
(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980’s, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

請看官方解釋，并注意反斜部分：Choice A can be faulted because which grammatically refers to 51 million dollars, the nearest noun phrase. At any rate, it is not clear in choices A, B, C, or D whether the modernization program or the steel mil is supposed to be completed in the late 1980’s. In B and C, the use of hopefully for it is hoped still meets with strong and widespread objection from many editors, lexicographers, and authors of usage handbooks. Aside from having an ambiguous which, D contains no independent clause and so cannot stand as a sentence. Choice E is the correct answer for this very difficult question.
啥意思呢？這道題目是古舊的語法大全里面的題目，大約對應于90年代的GMAT筆試題目。當時，老頭還年輕，他們依然希望通過“it is hoped”和“Hopefully”哪個用法更規(guī)范來區(qū)分正確答案。但是，老頭會成長，正如我們也會。。。

11. An unusually strong cyclist can, it is hoped, provide enough power to set a new distance record for human-powered aircraft in MIT’s diaphanous construction of graphite fiber and plastic.

(A) can, it is hoped, provide enough power to set
(B) it is hoped, can provide enough power that will set
(C) hopefully can provide enough power, this will set
(D) is hopeful to set
(E) hopes setting
注意，注意，老頭出招了，it is hoped， Hopefully，hopeful，hope全都出現(xiàn)了。注意誰有資格hoep和hopeful，還有hopefully和It is hoped的意思區(qū)別。
In hoping to restrain economic growth, interest rates were raised by British policymakers, making it more expensive to borrow for businesses and consumers.

(A) In hoping to restrain economic growth, interest rates were raised by British policymakers, making it more expensive to borrow for businesses and consumers.
(B) Making it more expensive for businesses and consumers to borrow, interest rates were raised by British policymakers, in hopes of their restraining economic growth.
(C) In making borrowing for businesses and consumers more expensive, British policymakers, in hopes they will restrain economic growth, had raised interest rates.
(D) Hopefully restraining economic growth, British policymakers raised interest rates, making more expensive borrowing by businesses and consumers.
(E) Hoping to restrain economic growth, British policymakers raised interest rates, making it more expensive for businesses and consumers to borrow.

時光走到了21世紀初，老頭終于進一步覺醒了。請大家比較hope to do 和 Hopefully 的完全不同的意思，并代入原文看看哪個更合理？