由關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
由關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 1. 基本用法定語(yǔ)從句除可用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)外,還可用關(guān)系副詞when, where與why來(lái)引導(dǎo),它們的區(qū)別是:when用于指時(shí)間,where用于指地點(diǎn),why用于指原因。when, where, why 在定語(yǔ)從句中均用作狀語(yǔ)。如:1980 was the year when he was born. 1980是他的出生年。This is the town where I was born. 這就是我出生的城市。This is the town where I was /SPAN>
These are the reasons why we do it. 這些就是我們這樣做的理由。
2. 先行詞問(wèn)題關(guān)系副詞when和where的先行詞是表示時(shí)間(如the day, the days, the time, the year等)和地點(diǎn)(如the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一類詞,而關(guān)系副詞why的先行詞通常只是whythe reason(s)。另外,when和where可引導(dǎo)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而why則只用于引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,不用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
3. 一點(diǎn)注意注意不要以為在時(shí)間名詞后就一定用關(guān)系副詞when,在地點(diǎn)名詞后就一定用關(guān)系副詞 where,在表示原因的the reason后就一定用關(guān)系副詞why。到底選用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)鍵是看它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)是用作狀語(yǔ)(用關(guān)系副詞)還是用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(用關(guān)系代詞)。如:Don’t forget the time (that) I’ve told you. 不要忘記我告訴你的時(shí)間。(that用作told的賓語(yǔ))I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我與你共事的日子。(when用作狀語(yǔ))He works in a factory that [which] makes radio parts. 他在一家制造無(wú)線電零件的工廠工作。(that, which 在從句中用作主語(yǔ),且不能省略)He works in the factory where his father worked. 他在他父親工作過(guò)的那家工廠工作。(where作狀語(yǔ))That’s the reason that [which] he explained to us. 那就是他向我們解釋的理由。(that或which在從句中用作explained的賓語(yǔ))
That’s the reason why she left home. 那就是她離家出走的原因。(where在從句中作狀語(yǔ))
4. 一個(gè)錯(cuò)點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)中的關(guān)系副詞主要是 when, where, why三個(gè)。不要想當(dāng)然地將how用作關(guān)系副詞修飾the way??墒褂萌缦卤磉_(dá)方式: This is how he spoke(how引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句),或This is the way (that, in which) he spoke.(其中的that, in which可省略)