4．a(chǎn)bandon vt. 放棄，遺棄，拋棄；使任憑……擺布　n. 放任，放縱，狂放；無(wú)拘無(wú)束

abandon sth./sb. to sb. 舍棄某物/人而被別人取得

abandon sth. for sth. 舍棄某物去取另一物

abandon oneself to sth. 沉湎于某事

abandon sb. to the mercy of 聽(tīng)任某人由……擺布

abandon smoking 戒煙

abandon a project/plan 放棄一項(xiàng)方案/計(jì)劃

with abandon 放肆地；恣意地

[即學(xué)即練4](1)The child ______________________ his parents.

這孩子被父母遺棄了。

(2)The crew _____________ the burning ship.

水手們離棄了燃燒著的船。

was abandoned by ? , ? ?abandoned

(3)I ____________________________ of being a doctor.

我放棄了當(dāng)醫(yī)生的希望。

(4)She _______________ herself ______ despair.

她陷入絕望之中。

abandoned my hope ? , ? ?abandoned ? ?, ?to

5．reflect vt. 映射；反射vi.&vt. 思考，反省，深思

reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像

reflect sb./sth. in sth. (指鏡子等)映出某人/物的影像

reflect sth. from sth. 從某物(表面)反射(光、熱、聲等)

reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事

be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中

[即學(xué)即練5](1)He looked at his face ____________ the mirror.

他看著鏡子中自己的臉。

(2)The heat __________________ the white sand formed a mirage.

熱氣經(jīng)白色的沙面反射形成蜃景。

(3)I need time to ____________ your offer.

我需要時(shí)間來(lái)考慮你的建議。

reflected in ?, ??reflected from ? , ??reflect on

6．a(chǎn)ware adj. 意識(shí)到的；知道的

awareness n. 知道；認(rèn)識(shí)；意識(shí)；興趣

be/become aware of sth. 意識(shí)到某事(aware 通常做表語(yǔ))

be/become aware that... 意識(shí)到……

as far as I'm aware 據(jù)我所知

make sb. aware of/that... 讓某人知道……

[即學(xué)即練6](1)I don‘t think people ______ really _________ just how much it costs.

我認(rèn)為人們并不真正明白這要花多少錢(qián)。

(2)Everyone present at the meeting should ______________ the risks involved.

該讓出席會(huì)議的每個(gè)人都知道所涉及的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

are ? , ? ? ??aware of ? , ? ?be made aware of

(3)She suddenly __________________ people looking at her.

她突然注意到人們?cè)诳此?/p>

(4)____________________________________， nobody has done anything about it.

據(jù)我所知，尚無(wú)人對(duì)此采取任何措施。

became aware of ? ? , ? ? ?As far as I am aware

7．scare v. 恐嚇，驚嚇，害怕n. 驚嚇，恐慌，恐懼

scared adj. 害怕的；擔(dān)心的

scare sb. away/off 把某人嚇跑/嚇退

scare sb. into doing sth. 威脅/恐嚇某人做某事

be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物

be scared of doing sth. 害怕發(fā)生某事

be scared to do sth. 害怕、恐懼做某事

be scared that 害怕……

(be) scared to death 嚇得要死

[即學(xué)即練7](1)The scarecrow in the field is used to ______ the birds ______.

田地里的稻草人是用來(lái)嚇跑小鳥(niǎo)的。

(2)They ______ the little boy ____________ foods in the supermarket.

他們威脅這個(gè)小男孩到超市里去偷食物。

scare ? , ? ? ?away ? , ??scared ? ?, ? ? ?into stealing

(3)The little girl ________________________ out alone.

這個(gè)小女孩不敢一個(gè)人外出。

(4)I'm ____________ I'm going to fall.

我擔(dān)心自己快掉下去了。

is scared of going ? ?, ? ? ??scared (that)

8．help out 幫(……)分擔(dān)工作，幫(……)脫離困境

help sb. with sth. 幫助某人干某事

help (sb.) (to) do sth. 幫助(某人)干某事

can't help to do 不能幫助干某事

can't help doing 禁不住干某事

can't help but do 只得，不得不

help oneself to 隨便吃/用……

[即學(xué)即練8](1)Is there anything I can do to ____________？

我能幫上忙嗎？

(2)He was obviously in some kind of trouble, but I didn‘t know how I could __________________.

他顯然遇到了麻煩，但我不知道應(yīng)怎樣幫他。

help out ? , ? ??help him out

(3)Can you ________________________ the maths problem？

你能幫我解決這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎？

help me out with