2011年高考題

1.(2011全國卷,32)
They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

答案 D

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“他們本該午飯時(shí)到達(dá),但他們的航班推遲了。”will have done將來可以完成;can have done可能做過……嗎?表示對過去行為的懷疑,用于疑問句;must have done一定做過某事,表示對過去事情的肯定推測;should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事,而實(shí)際沒做。but their flight was delayed這樣的結(jié)果,說明他們本來該到達(dá)卻沒有到達(dá),因此選D。

2.(2011全國卷II,8)
If you ______ smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. should C. must D. may

答案 C

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“如果你非得要抽煙,請到外面去抽?!眒ust (表示主張)一定要,堅(jiān)持要。根據(jù)后一句please go outside的要求,選C。

3.(2011北京卷,24)
——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
——Don’t worry. He ______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not

答案 D

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“——我真不喜歡James。你為何請了他?——別擔(dān)心。他可能來不了。他說他的計(jì)劃還沒安排好?!鳖}干中的he wasn’t certain說明他可能不來,可能來,因此使用不完全否定might not。選D。

4.(2011北京卷,28)
——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
——I wish they ______ always late.
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been

答案 A

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“——孩子們哪兒去了?這頓飯快要吃不起來了。——我但愿他們不要老是遲到。”wish引出虛擬語氣,題干中出現(xiàn)always,從句虛擬使用一般過去時(shí)。

選A。

5.(2011北京卷,30)
Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying

答案 C

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“或許當(dāng)初我要是學(xué)了理科而不是文科,現(xiàn)在就能給你更多的幫助。”then表示過去的時(shí)間,if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去的虛擬,因此使用過去完成時(shí)。選C。

6.(2011天津卷,15)
I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come

答案 D

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“我本來可以早點(diǎn)來,但我真不知道他們在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了過去時(shí)間,因此前句是對過去的虛擬,用主語+should / would / could /?might + have done表達(dá),故選D。

7.(2011上海春招,27)
Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world.
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t

答案 B

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“現(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意走出家門接觸真正的世界?!眒ustn’t禁止,不允許;won’t不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主觀性;mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意選B。

8.(2011江蘇卷,34)
——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen

答案 B

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“——我把我的手提包落在火車上了。但幸運(yùn)的是,有人拾到交給了鐵路部門?!Ф鴱?fù)得,簡直難以置信!我是說,本來可能有人會偷了去?!眞ill?have done將來可以完成,must have done一定做過某事,表示對過去事情的肯定推測,都與題意不符。should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事,而實(shí)際沒做,這就意味著希望有人偷包。might?have stolen 過去可能做過,語氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)或不肯定,根據(jù)句意選B。

9.(2011福建卷,25)
——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
——I am afraid you ______, in case he comes late for the meeting .

答案 B

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“——需要我現(xiàn)在就通知他計(jì)劃有變嗎?——恐怕你得這樣做,以防他開會遲到?!眒ust (表示必要、命令或強(qiáng)制)必須,得。根據(jù)后半句,選B。

10.(2011福建卷,34)
——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
——I ______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.
ed attended attend have attended

答案 D

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“——真可惜你錯過了那場有關(guān)核污染的講座?!冶究梢匀ヂ牭模耶?dāng)時(shí)忙于工作面試?!睂^去的虛擬,用主語+should / would / could /?might + have done表達(dá),故選D。

11.(2011安徽卷, 26)
——What do you think of store shopping in the future?
——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.
A. will never replace B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced

答案 C

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“——你對將來的商店購物怎么看?——我個人認(rèn)為會與在家購物并存,但商店購物不會被取代?!备鶕?jù)I think it will exist along with homeshopping,排除虛擬的選項(xiàng)D,這是表示將來的時(shí)間,考慮到被動語態(tài),選C。

12.(2011浙江卷,11)
——How’s your new babysitter?
——We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A. should C. mustn‘t D. couldn’t

答案 D

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“——你的新保姆怎么樣?——找不到更好的了。我們的孩子們很喜歡她。”should應(yīng)該;might可能,可以;mustn‘t禁止;couldn’t不可能。根據(jù)句意選D。

13.(2011四川卷,20)
The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they ______.

答案 A

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“警方依然沒有找到失蹤的孩子,但他們現(xiàn)在正在做他們所能做的一切?!眂an可以,能夠;may可能,許可;must必須;should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意,選A。

14.(2011重慶卷,25)
——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?
—— I wanted to ,but my mom simply ______ not let me out so late at night.
A. could B. might C. would D. should

答案 C

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“——昨晚你為什么沒來參加Simon的聚會?——我想來的,但我媽媽就是不愿我這么晚出來?!眂ould可以,能夠,表示可能性或用于婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣;might可能,表示不確定;would愿意,偏要,表示意志;should應(yīng)該,表示建議、命令、決定等。根據(jù)題意選C。

15.(2011陜西卷,22)
I _____ through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone

答案 A

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“沒有你的慷慨幫助,我是不可能度過那段痛苦的時(shí)期的。”that bitter period表示過去的時(shí)間,對過去的虛擬語氣用主語+should / would / could /?might + have done表達(dá),故選A。

16.(2011陜西卷,24)
——Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
——OK. You ______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must C. could D. shall

答案 D

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“——媽媽,可以讀一個故事給我聽嗎?——好的,如果你馬上上床睡覺的話?!眘hall 用于陳述句中的第二、第三人稱時(shí),表示說話人的意圖、允諾、警告、命令、決心等,題中是母親對兒子的承諾,故選D。

17.(2011湖南卷,28)
No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
A. can B. need C. must D. might

答案 A

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“在打籃球方面沒人能比得上姚明?!眂an可以,能夠;need需要;must必須;might可能。故根據(jù)題意,選A。

18.(2011遼寧卷,21)
If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A. can B. may C. must D. will

答案 C

解析:考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為“如果你非得走話,至少也要等到這暴風(fēng)雨過去后。”can可以,能夠;may 可能,許可;must(表示主張)一定要,堅(jiān)持要;will將要,愿意。根據(jù)后句的勸告,選C。

19.(2011江西卷23)It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
A. mustn’t ’t

答案:B

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“不可能是郵遞員在門口,才六點(diǎn)鐘呢。”mustn’t 禁止,不允許;can’t 不可能;won’t 不愿意,就是不,偏不;needn’t 不需要。根據(jù)后一句中“現(xiàn)在僅僅是六點(diǎn)”,only一詞肯定語氣強(qiáng)烈,前一句為門外的絕不可能是郵遞員。故選B。

20.(2011江西卷28)We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put

答案:D

解析:考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意為“要不是因?yàn)樗罱軅?,我們本?yīng)該把John的名字加進(jìn)昨天的比賽名單中?!眀ut for 是虛擬語氣的提示,yesterday表示過去的時(shí)間。對過去的虛擬,用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達(dá),故選D。