動詞和短語動詞

第一部分 七年高考題薈萃

2011年高考題

1. (2011全國卷,34) William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ______.
ear

答案：C

解析：考查動詞的辨析。disappear消失，不復(fù)存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage損害, 毀壞, 加害于。句意為“William 發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難了，因為他的視力開始衰退了?！薄癷ncreasingly difficult越來越困難”是個漸進(jìn)的過程，故選C。

2.(2011全國卷II,10) Mary, I ______ John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised

答案：B

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“瑪麗，我已經(jīng)提醒約翰注意他幫助你的承諾了。”remind… of… 就…提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起…；warn含有警告的意思。

3.（2011天津卷,6）I ______ a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
ed d d

答案：B

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“暑假兼職打工掙了1000美元后，我在銀行開了帳戶?！眔pen a bank account在銀行開帳戶。

4.（2011江蘇卷,28）——Are you still mad at her?
——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny B．refuse C．reject D．decline

答案：A

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“——你還生她的氣嗎？——不見得，但是我不否認(rèn)她的話傷害了我?！眃eny否認(rèn)，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒絕的意思。not deny無法否認(rèn)。故選A。

5.（2011福建卷,28）I’d prefer to ______ my judgement until I find all the evidence.
B. express e

答案：D

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“我寧愿保留我的判斷直到我發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的證據(jù)。”reserve預(yù)訂或保留(座位、住處等)， 推遲，留到以后，與后面的until相一致。

6.（2011安徽卷,21）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops

答案：D

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“隨著故事的展開，這個神秘數(shù)字的真相漸漸地被解開了?！?br> develop開發(fā), 發(fā)展，把(主題或情節(jié))逐步展現(xiàn)出來。根據(jù)句意選D。

7.（2011湖北卷,26）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _____ our thinking.
A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve

答案：B

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“如果我們想要獲得成功，知識和學(xué)習(xí)很重要。但是它們或許會限制我們的思維?！眃irect指示, 指引，導(dǎo)演（戲劇或電影）；指揮（管弦樂隊）；limit限制；change改變；improve改進(jìn)，改善。根據(jù)句中but的轉(zhuǎn)折，選B。

8.（2011湖北卷,27）The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult

答案：A

解析：考查動詞的辨析。negotiate談判；quarrel吵架，爭吵；argue辯論，爭辯；consult商議,咨詢。句意為“部長說：‘我們愿意與任何合法黨派進(jìn)行討論，但我們決不與犯罪分子談判?！备鶕?jù)句意選A。

9.（2011湖北卷,28）Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate

答案：D

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“不斷增加的臨床證據(jù)表明：比起原先從動物實驗中所得到的預(yù)計，這些新藥具有更加廣泛有用性?！眔perate手術(shù)，操作；strenghten加強(qiáng)；approve贊成；accumulate積累，（數(shù)量）逐漸增加。故選D。

10.(2011遼寧卷,22) What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're ______ to be asleep. ,
A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered

答案：A

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“Tom，你不睡覺做什么？你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該睡覺?！眔ut of bed未上床，起床的意思，be supposed to do應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該。
11.(2011遼寧卷,24) You are old enough to ______ your own living.
B. gain C. take D. earn

答案：D

解析：考查動詞的辨析。句意為“你長大了，可以自謀生路了?！眅arn one’s living 謀生，固定搭配。

12. (2011全國卷,26) I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with up with C. turn to to

答案：B

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“房子里東西凌亂我能忍，但是臟我討厭。”come up with想出, 提出；put up with 忍受, 容忍；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，翻書到，求助于，(使)變成；stick to堅持，緊跟，粘住，忠于。不整潔的;凌亂的

13.（2011天津卷,8）She ______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
down with after across

?答案：D

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“昨天在百貨商店購物時，她遇上了她的老朋友?！眛urn down拒絕；deal with對付，處理；take after 長得像，性格類似于，效仿；come across穿過, 越過，偶然遇見。

14.(2011山東卷,25) They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic.
A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out

答案：B

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“他們正在拓寬橋梁以加快交通流量?！眕ut off推遲；speed up加快；turn on打開（水、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等），(使)感興趣; (使)興奮；work out算出，實現(xiàn)。拓寬橋梁的目的是加快交通流量，故選B。

15.（2011江蘇卷,30）——You look upset. What’s the matter？
—— I had my proposal _______ again.
A．turned over B．turned on C．turned off D．turned down

答案：D

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“——你看上去不高興，怎么啦？——我的建議又遭到拒絕了?！眛urn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)，把……移交；turn on打開（水、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等），(使)感興趣; (使)興奮；turn off關(guān)掉（電器、水龍頭等），使厭煩；turn down關(guān)小（音量等），拒絕。根據(jù)句意選D。

16.（2011福建卷,31）Born into a family with three brothers, David was ______ to value the sense of sharing.
t up down after back

答案：A

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“出身在一個三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重與人分享的教育?！眀ring up教育，養(yǎng)育(孩子)，嘔吐(食物)；turn down關(guān)小（音量等），拒絕；look after照顧；hold back阻礙，抑制，隱瞞。

17.（2011安徽卷, 34）If you ______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon

答案：A

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的營業(yè)員減價?！眂ome across偶然遇到；care about關(guān)心，在乎；look for尋找；focus upon專注于。

18.(2011浙江卷,6) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to ______it,
A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with
答案：A

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“這所學(xué)校并不是我原來真正想去的，但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用，盡量好好去做；get away from逃離；keep an eye on照看,，留心; 注意；catch up with追上，趕上。對照現(xiàn)在和過去對學(xué)校態(tài)度的變化，選A。

19.(2011浙江卷,12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up

答案：D

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿。”put down放下，平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓，記下；put off推遲；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假裝，增加；put up舉起，建立，張貼，投宿。根據(jù)句意選D。

20.（2011四川卷,7）To get a better grade, you should ______the notes again before the test.
A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over

答案：A

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“為了獲得好成績，你應(yīng)該在考試前好好復(fù)習(xí)這些筆記。”go over審查，復(fù)習(xí)，重溫從頭到尾檢查一遍；get over越過，完成，克服(困難)，從(疾病、失望、震驚等)中恢復(fù)過來；turn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)，把……移交；take over接管; 接替。

21.（2011四川卷,14）I often ______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
up at C. look for into

答案：A

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“我經(jīng)常在字典里或網(wǎng)上查我所不懂的單詞?！眑ook up查（單詞、電話號碼等）；look at看，注視(某人或某物)；look for尋找；look into深入地檢查，研究，調(diào)查。

22.（2011陜西卷,25）Some insects ______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out

答案：C

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。take in吸收，欺騙；take off拿走, 取下，脫去（衣服等），起飛；take on承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，雇用；take out把…帶出去，清除, 除掉。句意為“一些昆蟲為了保護(hù)自己，讓自己的體色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似?！?/p>

23.（2011湖北卷,29） The government has taken measures to ______ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down

答案：B

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“政府已經(jīng)采取措施來降低日常生活用品的價格以保持市場的穩(wěn)定。”take down拆卸，記錄，記下；bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕， 擊敗，降(價)；hand down把…傳遞下來，遺留; 流傳；tear down拆毀; 拆卸。根據(jù)后面的“保持市場的穩(wěn)定”選B。

24.(2011遼寧卷,26) The exam results will be ______ on Friday afternoon.

A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away

答案：C

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。句意為“考試結(jié)果將在星期五下午公布?！眕ut down放下，平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓，記下；put off推遲；put up舉起，建立，張貼，投宿；put away放好，儲存，拋棄。根據(jù)句意選C。

25.（2011江西卷35）You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______ as you expect.
out out out D. put out.

答案：C

解析：考查短語動詞的辨析。run out 耗盡；break out 打破；work out 算出，實現(xiàn)；put out 撲滅。句意為“你無法預(yù)言一切。事情常常不會像你期待的那樣實現(xiàn)。”選C。