【讀書(shū)筆記】《沉思錄》卷六05
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?本書(shū)簡(jiǎn)介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書(shū)，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來(lái)自?shī)W勒留對(duì)身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個(gè)里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書(shū)。
本書(shū)原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡(jiǎn)介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國(guó)皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過(guò)很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個(gè)比他的帝國(guó)更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒(méi)有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷六05
6.15?It is a shame for the soul to be first to give way in this life, when thy body does not give way.
6.16?Take care that thou art not made into a Caesar, that thou art not dyed with this dye; for such things happen. Keep thyself then simple, good, pure, serious, free from affectation, a friend of justice, a worshipper of the gods, kind, affectionate, strenuous in all proper acts. Strive to continue to be such as philosophy wished to make thee. Reverence the gods, and help men. Short is life. There is only one fruit of this terrene life, a pious disposition and social acts. Do everything as a disciple of Antoninus. Remember his constancy in every act which was conformable to reason, and his evenness in all things, and his piety, and the serenity of his countenance, and his sweetness, and his disregard of empty fame, and his efforts to understand things; and how he would never let anything pass without having first most carefully examined it and clearly understood it; and how he bore with those who blamed him unjustly without blaming them in return; how he did nothing in a hurry; and how he listened not to calumnies, and how exact an examiner of manners and actions he was; and not given to reproach people, nor timid, nor suspicious, nor a sophist; and with how little he was satisfied, such as lodging, bed, dress, food, servants; and how laborious and patient; and how he was able on account of his sparing diet to hold out to the evening, not even requiring to relieve himself by any evacuations except at the usual hour; and his firmness and uniformity in his friendships; and how he tolerated freedom of speech in those who opposed his opinions; and the pleasure that he had when any man showed him anything better; and how religious he was without superstition. Imitate all this that thou mayest have as good a conscience, when thy last hour comes, as he had.
?Notes：
serenity [a]calm and peaceful
? ? ? ? ? ? ?e.g.: a lake, still and serene in the sunlight.
evacuate [v]
? 1 [transitive]?to move people from a place of danger to a safer place
? ? ??evacuate something Police evacuated nearby buildings.
? ? ??evacuate somebody (from…) (to…)
? ? ? ?e.g.: Children were evacuated from London to escape the bombing.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Families were evacuated to safer parts of the city.
? 2 [transitive, intransitive]
? ? ? evacuate (something)?to move out of a place because of danger, and leave the place empty
? ? ? ?e.g.: ?Employees were urged to evacuate their offices immediately.
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?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見(jiàn)下：
中文翻譯：
6.15?這是一個(gè)羞愧：當(dāng)你的身體還沒(méi)有衰退時(shí)，你的靈魂就先在生活中衰退。
6.16?注意你并不是要被造成一個(gè)凱撒，你并不是以這種染料染的，以便這樣的事情發(fā)生。那么使你自己保持樸素、善良、純潔、嚴(yán)肅、不做作、愛(ài)正義、崇敬神靈、和善、溫柔、致力于所有恰當(dāng)?shù)男袨榘?。不斷努力地使自己成為一個(gè)哲學(xué)希望你成為的人。尊重神靈、幫助他人。生命是短暫的，這一塵世的生命只有一個(gè)果實(shí)：一個(gè)虔誠(chéng)的精神和友善的行為。做任何事情都要像安東尼的一個(gè)信徒一樣。記住他在符合理性的每一行為中的堅(jiān)定一貫，他在所有事情上出的胸懷坦蕩，他的虔誠(chéng)，他面容的寧?kù)o，他的溫柔，他對(duì)虛榮的鄙視，他對(duì)理解事物的努力；他如何經(jīng)手每一件事情都先行仔細(xì)的考察并達(dá)到清楚的理解；他如何忍受那些不公正地責(zé)備他的人而不反過(guò)來(lái)責(zé)備他們；他從不倉(cāng)促行事，不信謠言誹謗；他是一個(gè)關(guān)于方法和行為的十分精細(xì)的考察者，不對(duì)憤怒的民眾讓步，不膽怯，不多疑，不詭辯；在住處、眠床、衣服、食物和仆人方面，很少一點(diǎn)東西就能使他滿足；記住他如何能夠靠他節(jié)儉的一餐而支持到夜晚，甚至除了在通常的時(shí)刻之外不需要任何休息來(lái)放松一下自己，記住他在友誼中的堅(jiān)定性和一致性，他如何容忍反對(duì)他意見(jiàn)的人的言論自由，當(dāng)有人向他展示較好的事情時(shí)他獲得的快樂(lè)，他的不摻任何迷信的宗教氣質(zhì)。要模仿所有這些品行以使你能在你最后的時(shí)刻來(lái)臨時(shí)，擁有一顆和他一樣好的良心。
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