【讀書(shū)筆記】《沉思錄》卷五09
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?本書(shū)簡(jiǎn)介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫(xiě)給自己的書(shū)，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫(xiě)成的。作品來(lái)自?shī)W勒留對(duì)身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個(gè)里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書(shū)。
本書(shū)原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡(jiǎn)介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國(guó)皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫(huà)方面受過(guò)很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個(gè)比他的帝國(guó)更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒(méi)有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷五09
5.20?Soon, very soon, thou wilt be ashes, or a skeleton, and either a name or not even a name; but name is sound and echo. And the things which are much valued in life are empty and rotten and?trifling, and like little dogs biting one another, and little children quarrelling, laughing, and then straightway weeping. But fidelity and modesty and justice and truth are fled up to Olympus from the wide-spread earth. What then is there which still detains thee here? If the objects of sense are easily changed and never stand still, and the organs of perception are dull and easily receive false impressions; and the poor soul itself is an exhalation from blood. But to have good repute amidst such a world as this is an empty thing. Why then dost thou not wait in tranquility for thy end, whether it is extinction or removal to another state? And until that time comes, what is sufficient? Why, what else than to venerate the gods and bless them, and to do good to men, and to practise tolerance and self-restraint; but as to everything which is beyond the limits of the poor flesh and breath, to remember that this is neither thine nor in thy power.
?Notes：
detain [v]~sb.
? ? ? ? ? 1. to keep sb. in an official place, such as a police station, a prison or a hospital, and prevent them from leaving.
? ? ? ? ? 2. (formal) to delay sb. or prevent them from going somewhere.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?e.g.: I'm sorry-he'll be late; he's detained at a meeting.
venerate [v] ~ sb./sth. (as sth.) (formal)
? ? ? ? ? ?to have and show a lot of respect for sb./sth., especially sb./sth. that is considered to be holy or very important.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?e.g.: The monk was subsequently venerated as a saint.
5.21?Thou canst pass thy life in an equable flow of happiness, if thou canst go by the right way, and think and act in the right way. These two things are common both to the soul of God and to the soul of man, and to the soul of every rational being, not to be hindered by another; and to hold good to consist in the disposition to justice and the practice of it, and in this to let thy desire find its termination.
?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見(jiàn)下：
中文翻譯：
5.20?很快，你就將化為灰塵，或者一具骷髏，一個(gè)名稱，甚至連名稱也沒(méi)有，而名稱只是聲音和回聲。那在生活中被高度重視的東西是空洞的、易朽和瑣屑的，像小狗一樣互相撕咬，小孩子們爭(zhēng)吵著、笑著，然后又馬上哭泣。但忠誠(chéng)、節(jié)制、正義和真理卻：從寬廣的大地飛向奧林匹斯山。如果感覺(jué)的對(duì)象是容易變化的，從不保持靜止；知覺(jué)器官是遲鈍的，容易得到錯(cuò)誤的印象；可憐的靈魂本身是從血液的一種噓氣，那么還有什么使你滯留在此呢？是為了在這樣一個(gè)空洞的世界里有一個(gè)好名聲。那么你為什么不安靜地等著你的結(jié)局，不論它是死亡還是遷徙到另一國(guó)家呢？直到那一時(shí)刻來(lái)臨，怎樣才是足夠的呢？難道不就是崇敬和贊美神靈，對(duì)人們行善，實(shí)行忍耐和節(jié)制；至于那么在可憐的肉體和呼吸之外的一切事物，要記住它們既不是屬于你的也不是你力所能及的。
5.21?如果你能走正確的道路，正確地思考和行動(dòng)，你就能在一種幸福的平靜流動(dòng)中度過(guò)一生。這兩件事對(duì)于神的靈魂和人的靈魂，對(duì)于理性存在的靈魂都是共同的，不要受別的事情打擾。好好地堅(jiān)持正義的氣質(zhì)并實(shí)行正義，這樣你就能消除你的欲望。