?

?

?本書簡(jiǎn)介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對(duì)身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個(gè)里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》

?作者簡(jiǎn)介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國(guó)皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個(gè)比他的帝國(guó)更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。

卷一：品質(zhì)閃爍在良好的傳承中（5）
?小編語：在卷一中，奧勒留回憶自己身邊之人所教會(huì)自己的東西，George Long的翻譯十分精煉，有些看起來也許不成句子，僅僅是一些詞組和短語，但就在字里行間，我們可以感受到作者的思考與自省。如果要作為翻譯練習(xí)的話，需要注意添加動(dòng)詞及調(diào)整語序，使你的翻譯語句通順，易于理解。
幾期節(jié)目做下來，在翻閱字典，輸入詞條釋義的過程中，也窺探出一些George Long的用詞習(xí)慣，你可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，他的用詞以“formal”為主，這是與整本書的基調(diào)相吻合的。所以，同學(xué)們做翻譯什么的時(shí)候，一定要注意用詞，力求還原原文的行文風(fēng)格，不要把腦子里蹦出來的第一個(gè)詞不加思考地寫下來。

1.13 From my brother Severus, to love my kin, and to love truth, and to love justice; and through him I learned to know Thrasea, Helvidius, Cato, Dion, Brutus; and from him I received the idea of a polity in which there is the same law for all, a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed; I learned from him also consistency and undeviating steadiness in my regard for philosophy; and a disposition to do good, and to give to others readily, and to cherish good hopes, and to believe that I am loved by my friends; and in him I observed no concealment of his opinions with respect to those whom he condemned, and that his friends had no need to conjecture what he wished or did not wish, but it was quite plain.?

?Notes：
deviation [n] ~(from sth) the act of moving away from what is normal or acceptable; a difference form what is expected or acceptable.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? e.g.: deviation from the previously accepted norms 違背事先接受的準(zhǔn)則
condemn [v] 1. ~ sb/sth (for/as sth) to express very strong disapproval of sb/sth, usually for moral reasons. e.g.: The government issued a statement condemning the killings. (政府發(fā)表聲明譴責(zé)這些兇殺事件。)
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2.[usually passive] ~ sb (to sth) to say what sb’s punishment will be.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? e.g.: He was condemned to death for murder and later hanged. (他因兇殺罪被判處死刑后被絞死。)
另還有“迫使……接受困境”、“宣告使用……不安全”、“證明有罪”等意思。

1.14 From Maximus I learned self-government, and not to be led aside by anything; and cheerfulness in all circumstances, as well as in illness; and a just admixture in the moral character of sweetness and dignity, and to do what was set before me without complaining. I observed that everybody believed that he thought as he spoke, and that in all that he did he never had any bad intention; and he never showed amazement and surprise, and was never in a hurry, and never put off doing a thing, nor was perplexed nor dejected, nor did he ever laugh to disguise his vexation, nor, on the other hand, was he ever passionate or suspicious. He was accustomed to do acts of beneficence, and was ready to forgive, and was free from all falsehood; and he presented the appearance of a man who could not be diverted from right rather than of a man who had been improved. I observed, too, that no man could ever think that he was despised by Maximus, or ever venture to think himself a better man. He had also the art of being humorous in an agreeable way.?

?Notes:

disguise [v] to hide sth or change it, so that it cannot be recognized.
? ? ? ? ? ? e.g.: She made no attempt to disguise her surprise. (她毫不掩飾自己驚奇的心情。)
另還有“降班，偽裝”的意思，也可做名詞，是“偽裝物”、“化妝用具”或“假扮”的意思。
? ? ? ? ? ? e.g.: He is a master of disguise. (他是偽裝能手。)
vexation [n] (old-fashioned or formal) the state of feeling upset or annoyed.

?看了筆記注釋之后，先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：

中文翻譯：
1.13 從我的兄弟西維勒斯，我懂得了愛我的親人，愛真理，愛正義；從他，我知道了思雷西亞、黑爾維蒂厄斯、加圖、戴昂、布魯特斯；從他我接受了一種以同樣的法對(duì)待所有人、實(shí)施權(quán)利平等和言論自由平等的政體的思想，和一種最大范圍地尊重被治者的所有自由的王者之治的觀念；我也從他那里獲得一種對(duì)于哲學(xué)的始終一貫和堅(jiān)定不移的尊重，一種行善的品質(zhì)，為人隨和，抱以善望，相信自己為朋友所愛；我也看到他從不隱瞞他對(duì)他所譴責(zé)的那些人的意見，他的朋友無需猜測(cè)他的意愿；這些意愿是相當(dāng)透明的。?

1.15 從馬克西默斯，我學(xué)會(huì)了自制，不為任何東西所左右，在任何環(huán)境里和疾病中歡愉如常，在道德品格方面形成一種甜美和尊嚴(yán)的恰當(dāng)配合；做擺在面前的事情并毫無怨言。我注意到所有人都相信思如其言，在任何行為中都不抱惡意；他從未表現(xiàn)過奇怪和驚駭，從不匆忙，從不拖延，從不困惑或沮喪，他不以笑聲掩飾他的焦慮，另一方面也不狂熱或多疑。他已習(xí)慣于仁慈的行為，隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備寬恕，避開所有的錯(cuò)誤；他給人的印象與其說是一貫公正，不如說是不斷改善。我也注意到：任何人都不能認(rèn)為受到了他的蔑視，或者敢自認(rèn)是比他更好的人。他也具有一種令人愉快的幽默的本領(lǐng)。?

回顧：《沉思錄》讀書筆記系列>>