基本框架 basic framework

?

辦學(xué)效益 efficiency in school management

協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 doordinated and balanced program of development

教育投入 input in education

優(yōu)化教師隊伍 optimize the teaching staff

實行分區(qū)規(guī)劃 practice regional planning

社會參與 communal participation

新增勞動力 incoming labor force

職前教育 pre-service education

崗位培訓(xùn) undergo job-specific training

提高......的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of ...

職業(yè)道德 professional ethics

重點學(xué)科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study

（大學(xué)）專科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs

掃盲班 literacy class

注冊人數(shù) enrollment

年齡段（層）age bracket

反復(fù)灌輸 inculcate

希望工程 Project Hope

學(xué)齡兒童 school-ager

人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources

輟/失學(xué)青少年 school dropout/leaver

基金會 foundation

服務(wù)性行業(yè) service trade

在職培訓(xùn) on-the-job/in-service training

國際勞工組織 International Labor Organization

基礎(chǔ)科學(xué) the fundamentals

學(xué)分制 the credit system

三學(xué)期制 the trimester system

雙學(xué)士制 a double BA degree system

主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field

教學(xué)、科研、生產(chǎn)的"三結(jié)合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching,research, and production

三結(jié)合聯(lián)合體 tripartite complex

定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers

包分配 guarantee job assignments

燎原計劃 the Prairie Fire Program

示范試點 demonstration pilot project

結(jié)合、使加入 incorporate

動員 mobilize

稅收 tax revenue

多學(xué)科的 multi-disciplinary

重點大學(xué) key university

授予（學(xué)士）confer

被授權(quán) be authorized to do

博士后科研流動站 center for post-doctoral studies

專業(yè) speciality

愛國人士 patriotic personage

國家發(fā)明獎 National Invention Prize

國家自然科學(xué)獎 National Prize for Natural Sciences

國家科技進步獎 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology

學(xué)術(shù)報告會，專題討論會 symposium

記者招待會 press conference

國家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission

國家統(tǒng)計局 the State Statistical Bureau

國家教育經(jīng)費 national expenditure on education

財政撥款 financial allocation

半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate

占百分比 account for ...%

專任教師 full-time teacher

資料中心 data center

國際文化交流 intercultural communication

教育方針 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education

教育必須為社會主義現(xiàn)代化服務(wù)，必須同生產(chǎn)勞動相結(jié)合，培養(yǎng)德智體全面發(fā)展的建設(shè)者和接班人。

Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectuall and physically.

適應(yīng)社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，面向二十一世紀，具有中國特色的社會主義教育體系。

a socialist education system with distince Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century

堅持社會主義方向

to keep to the socialist orientation

身體好，學(xué)習(xí)好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well.

德才兼?zhèn)?to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability

成為有理想，有道德，有文化，守紀律的勞動者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline

教育要面向現(xiàn)代化，面向世界，面向未來

Gear educaiton to the needs of modernization, the world and the future

愛國主義教育 education in patrotisem

國際主義教育 education in internationalism

集體主義教育 education in collectivism

共產(chǎn)主義教育 education in communism

共產(chǎn)主義道德品質(zhì) communist ethics

政治思想教育 political and ideological education

五愛（愛祖國、愛人民、愛勞動、愛科學(xué)、愛護公物）

"Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property.

教書育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge

培養(yǎng)獨立分析問題和解決問題的能力

to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently

啟發(fā)學(xué)生獨立思考的能力

to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves

培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自學(xué)能力

to foster the students' ability to study on their own

發(fā)揮學(xué)生主動性、創(chuàng)造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness

自學(xué)成才 to become educated through independent study

啟發(fā)式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method

填鴨式教學(xué)法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching

普及教育 universal education

義務(wù)教育 compulsory education; free education

學(xué)前教育 preschool education

初等教育 elementary education

中等教育 secondary education

高等教育 higher/tertiary education

普遍教育 general education

成人教育 adult education

職業(yè)技術(shù)教育 vocational and technical education

國家教育委員會 State Education Commission

高等學(xué)校 institution of higher education

綜合性大學(xué) comprehensive university

文科大學(xué) university of liberal arts

文科院校 colleges of art

理工科大學(xué) college/university of science and engineering

師范大學(xué) normal university; teachers' university

師范學(xué)院 teachers' college

工業(yè)大學(xué) polytechnical university

工業(yè)學(xué)院 engineering institute

農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) agricultural university

農(nóng)學(xué)院 agricultural college

醫(yī)科大學(xué) medical university

醫(yī)學(xué)院 medical college/school

中醫(yī)院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine

音樂學(xué)院 conservatory of music

美術(shù)學(xué)院 academy of fine arts

體育學(xué)院 physical culture institute

分校 branch school

重點學(xué)校 key school

業(yè)余學(xué)校 spare-time school

業(yè)余職工大學(xué) spare-time college for staff and workers

電視廣播大學(xué) television and radio broadcasting university

函授學(xué)院 correspondence school

教師進修學(xué)校 teachers' college for vocational studies

成人夜校 night school for adults

業(yè)余藝術(shù)/體育學(xué)校 amateur arts/athletic school

半工半讀學(xué)校 part-work and part-study school

中等專業(yè)學(xué)校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school

中等技術(shù)學(xué)校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school

職業(yè)學(xué)校 vocational school

附中 attached middle school

在職進修班 in-service training course

進修班 class for advanced studies

短訓(xùn)班 short-term training course

專修科 special (training) course

自學(xué)考試 self-taught examination

教職員 teaching and administrative staff

教學(xué)人員 the faculty; teaching staff

中、小學(xué)校長headmaster/headmistress; principal

大專院校校長 president; chancellor

教務(wù)長 dean of studies

（系）主任 chairman; chairperson

副主任 vice-chairman

教授 professor

副教授 associate professor

客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor

講師 lecturer

助教 assistant

專職教師 full-time teacher

兼職教師 part-time teacher

輔導(dǎo)員 assistant for political and ideological work

教研室/組 teaching and research section/group

教學(xué)組 teaching group

教員休息室 staff room; common room

母校 Alma Mater

校友 alumnus; alumna

學(xué)生會 students' union/association

高年級學(xué)生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades

低年級學(xué)生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades

走讀生 day student; non-resident student

住宿生 boarder

旁聽生 auditor

研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)

應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生 graduating student/pupil; this year's graduates

聽課 to visit a class; to sit in on a class;p to attend a lecture

公開課 open class

課程 course; curriculum

必修課 required/compulsory course

選修課 elective/optional course

基礎(chǔ)課 basic course

專業(yè)課 specialized course

課程表 school timetable

課外活動 extracurricular activities

課外輔導(dǎo) instruction after class

課外閱讀 outside reading

課堂討論 class discussion

（大學(xué)的）研究小組；討論會 seminar

教學(xué)大綱 teaching program; syllabus

教學(xué)內(nèi)容 content of courses

學(xué)習(xí)年限 period of schooling

學(xué)歷 record of formal schooling

學(xué)年 school/academic year

學(xué)期 (school)term; semester

學(xué)分 credit

分數(shù) mark; grade

五分制 the 5-grade marking system

百分制 100-mark system

學(xué)習(xí)成績 academic record; school record

成績單 school report; report card; transcript

畢業(yè)論文 thesis; dissertation

畢業(yè)實習(xí) graduation field work

畢業(yè)設(shè)計 graduation ceremony

畢業(yè)典禮 graduation ceremony; commencement

畢業(yè)證書 diploma; graduation certificate

畢業(yè)鑒定 graduation appraisal

授予某人學(xué)位 to confer a degree on sb.

升級 to be promoted to a higher grade

留級 to repeat the year's work; to stay down

補考 make-up examination

升學(xué)t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school

升學(xué)率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade

獎學(xué)金 scholarship

（國家）助學(xué)金 (state)stipend/subsidy

領(lǐng)取助學(xué)金的學(xué)生 a grant-aided student

學(xué)費 tuition (fee)

伙食費 board expenses

伙食補助 food allowance