小Q科普第九波:being done和done的區(qū)別
【題目】
1._______ by many successful models available, more and more young Chinese are now considering their own business.
A.Inspiring B.Being inspired C.Having inspired D.Inspried
2.When _______ with a strong enemy, they always retreated.
faced facing.
【答案】?1.D ?2.C
【疑問(wèn)】
(1)此題非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞inspired,和young Chinese是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以只能從B,D選項(xiàng)中產(chǎn)生,因?yàn)榇司渲蟹侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是做原因狀語(yǔ)從句,所以不用Being+done的形式,不知道理解是否正確??
(2) be faced with為固定短語(yǔ)(因?yàn)閱螐囊馑忌?,面?duì)和被面對(duì)很難區(qū)分主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))選擇從固定搭配的思路著手。所以從being faced和faced中選擇答案。我理解用When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)間上的概念,應(yīng)該選擇being faced比較合適,答案為什么是C?
【解析】
1. being done 和done的相同之處是都表示被動(dòng),不同的是前者強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,所以到底選用哪個(gè)取決于done描述的這個(gè)動(dòng)作是否是正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)。
2.第二道題的意思是,”遇到強(qiáng)敵時(shí),他們總是退卻”,既然是always,說(shuō)明強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一般狀態(tài),因此選擇的是when faced with。
be faced with這里理解為詞組固定搭配(而非被動(dòng))更好些。
(補(bǔ)充:這句話也可以這么說(shuō)when facing a strong enemy, they always retreated.)
3.?有時(shí)候用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與其說(shuō)是要表達(dá)被動(dòng),不如理解為是因?yàn)樘幱谠~性需要,比如
Seated?comfortably in the sofa, he couldn't help falling asleep.
這里的seated就很難理解成被動(dòng),不用seating而用seated是因?yàn)閟eat是及物動(dòng)詞或說(shuō)固定搭配。
比如及物動(dòng)詞situate,“坐落于”的常用搭配是be situated in some place.
Situated at the foot of the mountain, this village enjoys a beautiful environment.?