8.?Which?of?the?following?helped?to?preserve?“Lindow?Man”?

A.?Ice?and?low?temperature.?????B.?Bacteria?and?oxygen.?

C.?Soil?and?energy.????????????D.?Acid?and?water.?

9.?According?to?the?passage,?which?of?the?following?statements?is?TRUE??

A.?“Lindow?Man”?was?named?after?the?person?who?first?found?him.?

B.?Historians?usually?use?paper?evidence,?while?archaeologists?use?hard?evidence.?

C.?“Lindow?Man”?was?found?by?two?archaeologists?in?the?south?of?England.?

D.?“Lindow?Man”?was?good?at?manual?work.?

10.?Which?is?the?best?title?for?the?passage??

A.?What?Is?Archaeology??

B.?Archaeology?and?History?

C.?An?Amazing?Archaeological?Discovery?

D.?The?Death?of?“Lindow?Man”

Passage?3?

Questions?11?to?15?are?based?on?the?following?passage:?

The?city?has?always?been?an?engine?of?intellectual?life,?from?the?18th-century?cafes?of?London,?where?citizens?gathered?to?discuss?chemistry?and?politics,?to?the?Left?Bank?bars?of?modern?Paris,?where?Picasso?talked?about?modern?art.?Without?the?metropolis,?we?might?not?have?had?the?great?art?of?Shakespeare.

And?yet,?city?life?isn’t?easy.?Now?scientists?have?begun?to?examine?how?the?city?affects?the?brain,?and?the?results?are?depressing.?Just?being?in?an?urban?environment,?they?have?found,?impairs(損害)our?basic?mental?processes.?(79)?After?spending?a?few?minutes?on?a?crowded?city?street,?the?brain?is?less?able?to?hold?things?in?memory,?and?suffers?from?reduced?self-control.?While?it’s?long?been?recognized?that?city?life?is?exhausting,?this?new?research?suggests?that?citied?actually?dull?our?thinking,?sometimes?dramatically?so.

One?of?the?main?forces?at?work?is?a?complete?lack?of?nature,?which?is?surprisingly?beneficial?for?the?brain.?Studies?have?demonstrated,?for?instance,?that?hospital?patients?recover?more?quickly?when?they?can?see?trees?from?their?windows,?and?that?women?living?in?public?housing?are?better?able?to?focus?when?their?apartments?overlook?a?lawn.?Even?these?glimpses?of?nature?improve?brain?performance,?it?seems,?because?they?provide?a?mental?break?from?the?urban?life.

This?research?arrives?just?as?humans?cross?an?important?milestone(里程碑).?For?the?first?time?in?history,?the?majority?of?people?live?in?cities.?Instead?of?inhabiting?wide-open?spaces,?we’re?crowded?into?concrete?jungles,?surrounded?by?traffic?and?millions?of?strangers.?In?recent?years,?it’s?become?clear?that?such?unnatural?surroundings?have?important?implications?for?our?mental?and?physical?health,?and?can?powerfully?alter?how?we?think.

This?research?is?also?leading?some?scientists?to?dabble(涉足)?in?urban?design,?as?they?look?for?ways?to?make?the?city?less?damaging?to?the?brain.?(80)?The?good?news?is?that?even?slight?alterations,?such?as?planting?more?trees?in?the?inner?city?or?creating?urban?parks?with?a?greater?variety?of?plants,?can?significantly?reduce?the?negative?side?effects?of?city?life.?The?mind?needs?nature,?and?even?a?little?bit?can?be?a?big?help.

11.?Which?of?the?following?is?the?main?idea?of?this?passage??

A.?The?city?inspires?talented?people.

B.?The?city?hurts?your?brain.?

C.?The?city?has?many?pleasures?and?benefits.?

D.?The?city?seriously?affects?the?natural?balance.?

12.?The?word?“metropolis”?in?the?first?paragraph?is?closest?in?meaning?to?_____.

A.?citizen?????B.?nature??????C.?city???????D.?stress?

13.?People?have?just?come?to?realize?that?_____.

A.?human?attention?is?a?scarce?resource?

B.?city?life?can?make?people?very?tired?

C.?the?city?is?an?engine?of?intellectual?life?

D.?an?urban?environment?is?damaging?to?the?brain?

14.?What?is?the?factor?mentioned?in?the?third?paragraph?that?helps?the?hospital?patients?recover?more?quickly?

A.?Nature.?????B.?Better?treatment.??????C.?Experienced?doctors.????D.?Good?medicine.

15.?According?to?the?passage,?which?of?the?following?statements?is?TRUE??

A.?Different?aspects(方面)?of?an?urban?environment,?such?as?the?crowded?streets,?can?lead?to?an?increase?in?self-control.?

B.?Small?changes?in?urban?design?cannot?reduce?the?negative?side?effects?of?city?life.

C.?For?the?first?time?in?history,?the?earth’s?population?is?more?urban?than?rural.

D.?A?walk?down?a?busy?city?street?will?improve?brain?performance.

Part?II??Vocabulary?and?Structure?(30%)?

Directions:?In?this?part?there?are?30?incomplete?sentences.?For?each?sentence?there?are?four?choices?marked?A,?B,?C?and?D.?Choose?the?ONE?answer?that?best?completes?the?sentence.?Then?blacken?the?corresponding?letter?on?the?Answer?Sheet.

16.?By?the?end?of?last?week?611?people?from?49?countries?_____?to?attend?the?meeting,?with?nearly?half?coming?from?the?United?States,?Germany?and?Britain.

A.?had?Registered?????B.?have?Registered???C.?Registered???D.?were?Registered?

17.?It?was?suggested?that?_____?big?event?like?the?Year?of?Russia?in?China?should?certainly?benefit?_____?relationship?between?the?two?countries.

A.?a;?the????B.?the;?a?????C.?a;?/?????D.?the;?/?

18.?Although?he?knew?little?about?amount?of?work?done?in?the?field,?he?succeeded?_____?other?more?well-informed?experimenters?failed.

A.?as?????B.?unless??????????C.?what??????D.?where?

19.?Having?been?praised?by?the?teacher,?the?little?girl?ran?back?home,?_____.

A.?happily?and?satisfied??????B.?eager?and?excitedly?

C.?happy?and?satisfied???????D.?anxiously?and?excitedly?

20.?—How?are?their?talks?going?on??Have?they?reached?any?agreement??

—They?only?seemed?to?have?agreed?to?set?another?date?for?_____?talks.

A.?deeper????B.?slower????C.?further????D.?higher?

21.?_____?ten?minutes?earlier,?you?wouldn’t?have?missed?the?train.?But?you?were?late.

A.?Had?you?come??????B.?Did?you?come?????

C.?Have?you?come????D.?Should?you?come?

22.?Having?been?told?that?her?son?died?in?the?accident,?the?old?woman?appeared?very?calm,?as?if?nothing?_____.

A.?happened????B.?were?happened????C.?was?happened????D.?had?happened?

23.?You?should?carefully?think?over?_____?the?manager?said?at?the?meeting.

A.?that?????B.?which????????C.?what??????D.?whose?

24.?Last?week?I?wrote?to?the?hotel?to?book?a?room,?but?they?_____?yet.

A.?didn’t?answer??????B.?wasn’t?answering?

C.?hadn’t?answered?????D.?haven’t?answered?