Part?I??Reading?Comprehension?(30%)?

Directions:?There?are?three?passages?in?this?part.?Each?passage?is?followed?by?some?questions?or?unfinished?statements.?For?each?of?them?there?are?four?choices?marked?A,?B,?C?and?D.?You?should?decide?on?the?best?choice?and?blacken?the?corresponding?letter?on?the?Answer?Sheet.

Passage?1?

Questions?1?to?5?are?based?on?the?following?passage:?

Breastfeeding(母乳喂養(yǎng))?for?a?month?or?longer?appears?to?reduce?a?woman’s?risk?of?getting?diabetes(糖尿病)?later?in?life,?according?to?a?new?study.?The?breastfeeding?and?diabetes?link?has?been?reported?in?other?studies,?according?to?researcher?Eleanor?Schwarz.?Yet,?her?study?makes?the?link?easier?to?believe.?Her?study?is?published?in?a?journal?of?medicine?in?America.?Schwarz?and?her?colleagues?looked?at?data?about?breastfeeding?practices.?They?evaluated?data?on?2,233?women?from?California.?Of?those,?405were?not?mothers,?1,125?were?mothers?who?breastfed?for?at?least?a?month,?and?703?were?mothers?who?had?never?breastfed.?They?were?40?to?78?years?old.

According?to?Schwarz’s?study,?the?risk?of?getting?a?diagnosis(診斷)?of?Type?2?diabetes?for?women?who?breastfed?all?their?children?for?a?month?or?longer?was?similar?to?that?of?women?who?had?not?given?birth.?But?mothers?who?had?never?breastfed?were?nearly?twice?as?likely?to?develop?diabetes?as?women?who?had?never?given?birth.?Mothers?who?never?breastfed?were?about?1.4?times?as?likely?to?develop?diabetes?as?women?who?breastfed?for?one?to?three?months,?Schwarz?found.
　　While?one?month?of?breastfeeding?appears?to?make?a?difference,?Schwarz?says,?even?longer?is?better.?(76)“Previous?studies?have?shown?the?longer?the?mom?breastfeeds,?the?more?benefit?for?her?body.”?Many?experts?recommend?breastfeeding?for?six?months?and?continuing?for?a?year,?she?says.

The?diabetes-breastfeeding?link?is?probably?explained?by?belly?fat.?Mothers,?who?don’t?breastfeed,?as?they?get?older,?may?have?more?belly?fat,?as?breastfeeding?helps?new?mothers?take?off?weight.?“Belly?fat?increases?the?risk?of?diabetes?as?you?get?older,”?she?says.
　　The?finding?isn’t?surprising?at?all,?says?Kimberly?Gregory.?She?often?gives?advice?to?women?who?get?diabetes?(occurring?during?pregnancy(懷孕)?that?they?are?at?risk?for?later?getting?Type?2?diabetes?and?suggests?they?breastfeed.?The?new?findings?will?probably?inspire?Gregory?to?add?to?the?advice?she?gives?moms-to-be?about?the?benefits?of?breastfeeding.?She?often?focuses?on?the?benefits?to?the?baby.

1.?According?to?the?first?paragraph,?which?of?the?following?statements?is?TRUE??

A.?About?two?thousand?and?two?hundred?old?women??took?part?in?the?study.

B.?Eleanor?Schwarz’s?research?program?was?about?men?and?women?who?suffered?from?diabetes.

C.?Over?one?fifths?of?the?women?never?got?married.

D.?Eleanor?Schwarz’s?results?seem?more?reliable.

2.?According?to?Schwarz’s?findings,?who?are?more?likely?to?get?diabetes?later?in?life?

A.?Those?mothers?who?had?never?breastfed.?

B.?Those?mothers?who?never?gave?birth.?

C.?Those?mothers?who?breastfed?for?a?month.?

D.?Those?mothers?who?breastfed?for?six?months.?

3.?Which?of?the?following?statements?would?Schwarz?agree?with??

A.?Breastfeeding?is?not?advisable?because?it?is?not?good?for?a?mom?to?keep?a?good?shape.

B.?Breastfeeding?can?greatly?reduce?a?mother’s?chances?of?getting?all?kinds?of?serious?disease.

C.?Breastfeeding?for?a?month?is?highly?recommended:?the?longer,?the?better.

D.?Breastfeeding?for?a?month?or?longer?makes?babies?smarter.?

4.?What?does?the?author?mean?by?“moms-to-be”?in?the?last?paragraph??

A.?Women?who?are?pregnant,?especially?for?the?first?time.?

B.?Women?who?dream?of?having?babies?for?the?first?time.?

C.?Women?who?already?have?children.?

D.?Women?who?have?just?got?babies?for?the?first?time.?

5.?Which?of?the?following?is?an?appropriate?title?for?this?passage??

A.?Breastfeeding?May?Enhance?Babies’?Chances?of?Survival?

B.?Breastfeeding?May?Lower?Moms’?Diabetes?Risk?

C.?Breastfeeding?May?Become?Very?Fashionable?in?Near?Future?

D.?Breastfeeding?May?Help?Women?Lose?Weight

Passage?2?

Questions?6?to?10are?based?on?the?following?passage:?
　　Archaeology,?like?many?academic?words,?comes?from?Greek?and?means,?more?or?less,?“the?study?of?old?things”.?So,?it?is?really?a?part?of?the?study?of?history.?However,?most?historians?use?paper?evidence,?such?as?letters,?paintings?and?photographs,?but?archaeologists(考古學(xué)家)learn?from?the?objects?left?behind?by?the?humans?of?long?ago.?Normally,?these?are?the?hard?materials?that?don’t?break?down?or?disappear?very?quickly—things?like?human?bones?and?objects?made?from?stone?and?metal.?It?is?very?unusual?to?find?anything?more?than?the?hard?evidence?of?history—normally,?the?bacteria(細(xì)菌)in?the?air?eat?away?at?soft?materials,?like?bodies,?clothes?and?things?made?of?wood.?Occasionally,?things?are?different.
　　In?1984,two?men?made?an?amazing?discovery?while?working?in?a?bog?called?Lindow?Moss,?in?the?north?of?England.?A?bog?is?a?very?wet?area?of?earth,?with?a?lot?of?plants?growing?in?it.?It?can?be?like?a?very?big?and?very?thick?vegetable?soup—walk?in?the?wrong?place?and?you?can?sink?and?disappear?forever.?The?men?were?working?when?one?of?them?saw?something?sticking?out—a?human?foot!?Naturally,?the?men?called?the?police,?who?then?found?the?rest?of?the?body.?Was?it?a?case?of?murder??Possibly—buy?it?was?a?death?nearly?two?thousand?years?old.?The?two?men?had?found?a?body?from?the?time?of?the?Roman?invasion?of?Britain.?Despite?being?so?old,?this?body?had?skin,?muscles,?hair?and?internal?organs—the?scientists?who?examined?him?were?able?to?look?inside?the?man’s?stomach?and?find?the?food?that?he?had?eaten?for?his?last?meal!

Why?was?this?man?so?well?preserved??(77)It?was?because?he?was?in?a?very?watery?environment,?safe?from?the?bacteria?that?need?oxygen?to?live.?Also,?the?water?in?the?bog?was?very?acidic.?The?acid?preserved?the?man’s?skin?in?the?way?that?animal?skin?is?preserved?for?leather?coats?and?shoes.

How?did?he?die??Understandably,?archaeologists?and?other?scientists?wanted?to?know?more?about?the?person?that?they?called,?“Lindow?Man”.?(78)?His?hands?and?fingernails?suggested?that?he?hadn’t?done?heavy?manual?work?in?this?life—he?could?have?been?a?rich?man.?They?found?that?he?hadn’t?died?by?accident.?The?archaeologists?believe?that?he?was?sacrificed?to?three?different?gods。

6.?Which?language?does?the?word?“archaeology”?com?from??

A.?French.??????B.?Greek??????C.?Roman.??????D.?German.?

7.?The?word?“these”?in?the?first?paragraph?refers?to?_____.

A.?letters???????B.?photographs????C.?paintings????D.?objects?