李克強(qiáng)在紐約同美國友好人士互動交流實(shí)錄
Transcript of Premier Li Keqiang’s Q&A in New York

當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間9月20日晚,李克強(qiáng)總理在紐約華爾道夫飯店出席紐約經(jīng)濟(jì)俱樂部及美中關(guān)系全國委員會、美中貿(mào)易全國委員會聯(lián)合舉行的歡迎晚宴,并同出席活動的美方友好人士互動交流。
On the evening of 20 September local time, Premier Li Keqiang attended a welcoming dinner jointly hosted by the New York Economic Club, the National Committee on US-China Relations and the US-China Business Council at Waldorf Astoria New York, during which he interacted and exchanged views with American friends.

李總理在致辭中回顧了中美關(guān)系與務(wù)實(shí)合作從無到有、不斷發(fā)展壯大的歷程,指出中國作為最大發(fā)展中國家,實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還有很長的路要走。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在高基數(shù)上保持平穩(wěn)增長,不僅在國內(nèi)創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè),對美國經(jīng)濟(jì)也有拉動作用,兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)是彼此高度依存的關(guān)系。中國將堅(jiān)定不移走改革開放之路,堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展之路,愿同美方本著相互尊重、互利共贏的精神,不斷擴(kuò)大共同利益,共同維護(hù)世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利以來的國際秩序,推動世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡、包容增長。
In his speech, Premier Li reviewed how China-US relations and practical cooperation has grown from scratch to the present stage. He said that China, the world’s largest developing country, still has a long way to go before it achieves modernization. The steady growth of the Chinese economy on a high base figure not only generates more jobs for China, but also offers a boost to the US economy. The two economies are highly interdependent. China will stay committed to reform and opening up and continue to follow the path of peaceful development. China stands ready to work with the United States in a spirit of mutual respect and win-win cooperation to expand common interests, jointly uphold the international order established since the victory of the world’s anti-fascist war, and promote strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth of the world economy.

李總理隨后回答了現(xiàn)場友好人士提出的四個(gè)問題。
Premier Li Keqiang then answered four questions from American friends who attended the event.

伯克利證券公司創(chuàng)始人、紐約大學(xué)董事會主席伯克利:隨著更多中國企業(yè)走出去在世界各地市場開展投資經(jīng)營,外國投資者也期待中國市場進(jìn)一步開放,您怎么看?對中國市場進(jìn)一步開放有什么看法?
William Berkley, founder of W.R. Berkley Corporation and Board of Trustees Chair, NYU: Premier, as Chinese companies seek to do business and make investment around the world, it’s important that its market becomes open to investors around the world. How do you see that evolving, and how do you see the market of China becoming more open?

李總理:中國對外開放初期,我們注重“引進(jìn)來”,吸引外資。中國發(fā)展到今天,在全球化背景下,我們需要同跨國公司合作,中國企業(yè)本身也要對外投資。所以我們現(xiàn)在是“引進(jìn)來”和“走出去”并重。但對中國這樣一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家來說,仍然需要吸引大量外資,這對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的確有推動作用。中國實(shí)際利用外資累計(jì)已經(jīng)達(dá)到1.7萬億美元,連續(xù)24年成為吸引外商直接投資最多的發(fā)展中國家,現(xiàn)在依然要成為外資投入的熱土。我們不僅需要外資流入推動增長,更需要外資帶來新的管理理念和先進(jìn)技術(shù)。當(dāng)然我要明確,我們在技術(shù)方面的合作是沒有先決條件的,不會強(qiáng)迫外資到中國必須轉(zhuǎn)讓技術(shù)。
Premier Li: In the early days of China’s opening-up, we put most of the emphasis on “bringing in” foreign investment. But today, in this age of globalization, China needs to work with multinationals, and Chinese companies are making investment overseas. So now, we are paying equal attention to “bringing in” and “going global”. For a developing country like China, it is still important to attract massive foreign investment, which helps boost the Chinese economy. As you may know, total paid-in foreign investment made in China has reached $1.7 trillion. For 24 years in a row, China has been the largest recipient of FDI among developing countries. And going forward, we hope that China will remain an attractive destination for foreign investment. We need foreign investment for economic growth. And more importantly, we need new managerial expertise and advanced technologies that foreign investment brings to China. But let me make one thing clear. We place no preconditions on technological cooperation, and we don’t have a mandatory requirement for technology transfer.

當(dāng)然我也聽到有一些外資企業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人對中國在某些領(lǐng)域的市場準(zhǔn)入限制提出意見。我可以明確說,中國改革開放時(shí)間還不長,很多行業(yè)正在逐漸成熟過程中,這一成熟的過程也是逐步擴(kuò)大對外開放的過程。中國對外資準(zhǔn)入的領(lǐng)域會越來越寬,開放的大門會越開越大,而且絕不會關(guān)上。在座各位只要有資金,有投資愿望,我們熱烈歡迎,具體項(xiàng)目可以下來磋商。(笑聲)
At the same time, I have heard business leaders of foreign invested companies complaining about restrictions in accessing certain sectors of the Chinese market. To them I want to say this. It has not been that long since China launched its reform and opening-up program. Many sectors are still in a maturing process, which is also a process of further opening up. The areas of the Chinese economy open to foreign investment will only increase. China will open its door wider, and this door will never close. For those of you who have the capital and intention to invest in China, you are more than welcome to do so. Specific projects can be discussed later. (Laughter.)

紐約證券交易所首席運(yùn)營官法利:非常感謝李總理今天在您的國家擁有的飯店接待我們,很榮幸能夠向您提問。美中都需要彼此,都是最強(qiáng)大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。我贊成您提到的應(yīng)該相互尊重的看法。同時(shí),我們也看到兩國存在互不信任的問題。在美國能看到關(guān)于人民幣匯率、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)方面的涉華負(fù)面報(bào)道,在中國也能看到不少有關(guān)美國的負(fù)面報(bào)道,怎樣做才能應(yīng)對這一互不信任的問題,加強(qiáng)美中合作?
Thomas W. Farley, Chief Operating Officer, NYSE: Premier Li, thank you so much for being here and thank you for having us in your hotel. It truly is an honor and thank you very much. The US and China need each other more than ever, and are the two strongest economies. You’ve spoken in your speech about mutual respect, and there is no doubt about mutual respect. At the same time, we have noticed the problem of mistrust between the two countries. In the US, there are negative articles in the press about currency rate setting or the respect for intellectual property in China. And the Chinese press also finds negative things about the US. My question truly is what can we do about this mistrust and how can we reduce the level of mistrust and increase the level of cooperation?

李總理:中美之間的確有誤解也有分歧,但總體來講我們之間的理解遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于誤解分歧。具體分歧經(jīng)常會有,但關(guān)鍵在于如何看待和處理。比如你說華爾道夫飯店是中國國家所有的,我想做一更正,是中國一家民營企業(yè)購買了華爾道夫的股權(quán),但還是美國企業(yè)家長期負(fù)責(zé)經(jīng)營,(掌聲)所以我這次下榻的依然是美國人管理的酒店。(笑聲、掌聲)
Premier Li: It’s true that there are misconceptions and differences between our two countries. But I believe the level of mutual understanding between our two countries far outweighs that of misconception and differences. It is natural to have differences on specific matters, and they need to be properly viewed and handled. Just now you said “coming to my hotel”. But I want to make a correction here for the record. That is, as far as I know, a Chinese private company has acquired stakes in the hotel, but the hotel is still under long-standing management of American businessmen. (Applause.) So I’m still staying at a hotel run by Americans. (Laughter and applause.)

至于兩國媒體的相互報(bào)道,也要全面看待。比如打開某個(gè)媒體,我這里不想給媒體做廣告,可能有幾篇有關(guān)對方國家的報(bào)道,可能很多客觀真實(shí)的報(bào)道,讀者往往不注意,而一些挑刺報(bào)道往往吸引眼球。當(dāng)然媒體如果出于善意做一些批評報(bào)道,對我們互相之間改進(jìn)工作,也不無幫助。
Talking about media coverage of each other’s countries, I think we need to take a look at the whole picture. If you read news from a certain media, I will not name it to avoid making advertisement for it, maybe you will find some reports on the other country. Sometimes truthful and objective coverage may not get people’s eyes. But nitpicking does. Certainly if it is a well-intentioned report, even if it is critical, I believe it is welcomed, because it helps both sides to improve what we have been doing.

至于你提到的人民幣匯率問題,詳細(xì)解答需要很長時(shí)間??偨Y(jié)起來一句話,就是人民幣不存在持續(xù)貶值基礎(chǔ),中國也絕不會用貨幣貶值手段刺激出口,因?yàn)檫@對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)升級是沒有益處的。
As for the question of the RMB exchange rate, it will take quite some time to dig into the details. In a word, there is not a basis for continuous devaluation of the Chinese currency, and China has no intention to use the devaluation of the currency to boost export, because that is not good for China’s economic upgrading.

如果你問如何增加信任消除誤解,那還是要多往來。去年中國到美國游客有260多萬,留學(xué)生有60萬。據(jù)我所知,很多美國人還沒有去過中國。我對消除誤解加強(qiáng)互信的建議就是加強(qiáng)人與人之間的往來,促進(jìn)人與人之間的溝通,而且是坦誠溝通。
As for how to boost mutual trust and narrow misconceptions, I think the key lies in closer mutual exchanges. As far as I know, last year, Chinese tourists made over 2.6 million visits to the US, and now there are some 600,000 Chinese students in the US. But I also know that many Americans have not been to China yet. So the key to removing misconceptions and increasing mutual trust lies in strengthening people-to-people exchanges and promoting candid discussions among them.