本次筆譯實務(wù)考查的話題仍然為當前中國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展熱點話題，內(nèi)容涉及氣候變化，生態(tài)文明以及中國相應(yīng)的政策和舉措。該話題在中國政府工作報告，政府工作白皮書以及國際國內(nèi)高峰會議上多由涉及。該話題也是各類翻譯訓(xùn)練、輔導(dǎo)，平時訓(xùn)練的重點，多數(shù)句型已經(jīng)形成規(guī)范表達，專業(yè)術(shù)語也已經(jīng)形成規(guī)范。對此話題，廣大考生應(yīng)該并不感到陌生，應(yīng)對起來不應(yīng)感到困難。

原文及譯文

文本分析

氣候變化已不是單純的環(huán)境保護問題，而成為人類生存與發(fā)展問題。中國需要改變以煤為主的能源結(jié)構(gòu)和高污染、高能耗的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，以治理環(huán)境和應(yīng)對全球氣候變化。

本句涉及多個專業(yè)術(shù)語表達，如“氣候變化（climate change）”、“環(huán)境保護（environmental protection）”、“高污染，高耗能（heavy pollution and high energy consumption）”。

另外，核心詞“應(yīng)對”的翻譯可以有多個選擇，如“address, cope with, tacle”，甚至可以用“fight, combat”.

從句法結(jié)構(gòu)來看，原文的句法和結(jié)構(gòu)相對完整，邏輯清晰，因此譯文可以按照原文斷句，無需重新組句。

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To address climate change has become a major concern of the subsistence and development of mankind, rather than a simple issue of environmental protection. In an attempt to govern the environment and address global climate change, it is imperative for China to change its coal-dominated energy composition and the industrial structure featuring heavy pollution and high energy consumption.

同時，積極應(yīng)對氣候變化也是中國參與全球治理的責(zé)任，也是實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的迫切需要。中國作為世界最大的發(fā)展中國家，需要積極推動經(jīng)濟與能源的轉(zhuǎn)型，以推動全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

本句中的固定表達為“全球治理（global governance）”、“可持續(xù)發(fā)展（sustainable development）”、“發(fā)展中國家（developing country）”、“經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型（economic transformation）”

從句法上看，此處兩句合并翻譯成一句即可，核心意思是“對于中國這個世界最大的發(fā)展國家來說，要積極應(yīng)對氣候變化以參與全球治理，同時推動經(jīng)濟與能源轉(zhuǎn)型以促進全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展”。也可分開翻譯，以求譯文簡潔，清晰。

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Meanwhile, to proactively cope with climate change is both an international duty for China to participate in global governance and an urgent need to achieve sustainable development. As the largest developing country in the world, China also calls for a positive transformation in economic drive and energy consumption so as to promote a sustained global economic development.

長期以來，中國高度重視氣候變化問題，把積極應(yīng)對氣候變化作為國家經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重大戰(zhàn)略，把綠色低碳發(fā)展作為生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容，采取了一系列行動，為應(yīng)對全球氣候變化做出了重要貢獻。

“高度重視”的固定表達為“attach great importance to...”；“重大戰(zhàn)略”為“significant/major strategy”。

專業(yè)化表達“綠色低碳發(fā)展”可譯為“green and low-carbon development”

“生態(tài)文明”譯為“ecological civilization”。

“為……作出貢獻”譯為“contribute...to.../make contribution to...”。

本句包含的語義較多，且相互關(guān)聯(lián)度不高，建議采取“拆分”的手法，譯成兩句話。

For a long time, China unwaveringly attaches great importance to addressing clime change, making it a significant national strategy for its social and economic development and promoting green and low-carbon development as an important component of the ecological civilization. China has already taken a series of actions and made great contribution to combating the global climate change.

到2020年單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，非化石能源占一次能源消費總量的比重達到15%,森林面積比2005年增加4000萬公頃，森林蓄積量2005年增加13億立方米。

本句中的術(shù)語表達較為專業(yè)，且不易從詞典上查到，如“國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放量（carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP）”、“非化石能源（non-fossil fuels）”和“一次能源消費（primary energy consumption）”需要經(jīng)過專門學(xué)習(xí)開可以準確翻譯。

另外需要注意“增長/下降”百分比的表達方式為“increase/decrease by ~%”。

By 2020, China will have reduced its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% on the basis of its 2005 level, increased the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to 15% and enlarged its forest area by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters.

中國還將在農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)、水資源等重點領(lǐng)域和城市、沿海、生態(tài)脆弱地區(qū)形成有效抵御氣候變化風(fēng)險的機制，提高抵抗能力。

本句中的專業(yè)詞語為“重點領(lǐng)域”，可譯為“key areas”或“major sectors”，“生態(tài)脆弱地區(qū)”可譯為“eco-fragile areas/zones”，也可用描述的語句如“areas which is vulnerable to...”.

從句法上講，本句的核心成分是：中國（在……領(lǐng)域）形成（……）機制，和提高抵抗能力。

China will also work hard to develop an effective mechanism and enhance its capacities to cope with climate change risks in some key areas such as agriculture, forestry, water resources as well as in some cities, coastal areas and eco-fragile zones.