據(jù)國(guó)家外匯管理局周二透露,截止到今年3月底,中國(guó)2011年的外債余額總計(jì)超過7510億美元,自1985年來史上最高。其中短期外債也達(dá)到新高。2012年的前三個(gè)月,外債總數(shù)在6950億上增長(zhǎng)8.1%。

先看相關(guān)英文報(bào)道:

China's outstanding external debt in 2011 totaled more than $751 billion by the end of March, the highest since 1985, according to data released by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Tuesday.?The proportion of short-term debt also rose to a record high.?The total debt went up by 8.1 percent from the $695 billion three months earlier.

分析:

上述報(bào)道中的英文“external debt”意為“外債”,另一說法是或“foreign debt”。外債,或稱對(duì)外債務(wù),是一個(gè)國(guó)家所擁有的、債權(quán)人為外國(guó)的債務(wù)。債務(wù)人可以是政府,企業(yè)或私人。債權(quán)人可以是私人商業(yè)銀行,其他政府或國(guó)際金融機(jī)構(gòu)如國(guó)際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行。中國(guó)雖然外債很多,但經(jīng)常免除一些國(guó)家的債務(wù)。這與中國(guó)幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家和第三世界國(guó)家的對(duì)外政策有關(guān),同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了我們國(guó)家作為聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

一些相關(guān)詞匯:

the State Administration of Foreign Exchange 國(guó)家外匯管理局

short-term/long-term debt 短期債務(wù)

International Monetary Fund (IMF) 國(guó)際貨幣基金組織

creditor 債權(quán)人

例句:

Its weak infrastructure, lack of development finance and heavy burden of external debt affect the improvement of its investment climate and independent development capacity.
基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施薄弱、發(fā)展資金匱乏、外債負(fù)擔(dān)沉重影響著投資環(huán)境的改善,制約著自主發(fā)展能力的提升。

In external debt, we have reduced our overweight position in the high-beta credits to a neutral stance.
海外債券方面,我們將高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)債券的評(píng)級(jí)從加碼調(diào)降至中性。

Government increased public spending, privatized enterprise, and neglected to service the nation’s external debt.
政府?dāng)U大了公共投資,擴(kuò)大了私有化規(guī)模,并拒絕償還外債。